概要信息：

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1.
2.
2.1  
2.1.1 
electron
C H O N K Ca S P Na Cl Mg
< 0.01%
      B Cr Co Cu F I Fe Mn Mo
      Se Si Sn V Zn
Fe 
Cu 
Zn 
Mo
I 
Co
V
F
Ni 15-55ppm, 0.1ppm 25μg/ml
Se
C H O < 1%
C H O N > 96%
2.1.2 
C, H, O, N
/


H+, OH-
2.2.1 
2.2.2 
1. (Proteins) —— 
2. (Nucleic Acids) —— 
3. (Polysaccharides) —— 
4. (Lipids) ——
-OH
-CO -COOH 
-COOH
-NH2
3 2 1 

2.3 carbohydrate
C:H:O=1:2:1


ATP
                      
RNA DNA 

2.4 
1. 
C H O
   
P N
   
+ 3 
4-24

D Ca P
2.5 protein
C H O N
1 -NH₂ 1
-COOH
1 1 1
1 1 R
R
S
P Fe
2.5 protein


20
Gly
Ala
Val
Leu
Ile
Phe
Trp
Met
Pro
Thr
Ser
Cys
Asn
Gln
Tyr
Lys
Arg
His
Asp
Glu
2.5.3
-S-S-
C-N


R
                        
R
1. 75% - , A, B, C, D, E, F, G H 8 ;
2. ;
3. gap

--
--
2.6 nucleic acids
3′ 5′
3′ 5′ C
DNA
5′→3′ 3′→5′
2.6.2 Watson-Crick DNA
1.
(1)
(major groove) (minor groove)
(2)
(3) 2nm
    0.34nm
    10
    3.6nm
(4)
A T 2
G C 3
RNA
RNA
RNA DNA
rRNA
1.
2.
3.
4.DNA
5.