概要信息：

2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 1 页 
 
考研语法讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第二部分：考研语法讲解 
简单句的分类练习： 
1) Yesterday morning Iwent to the church. 
主谓 
2) Most boys in my class likedplaying football. 
主谓宾 
3) Some schoolsgive their students a long summer vacation. 
主谓双宾 
4) Watching fun moviesallowsmeto take a break from my busy routine. 
主谓宾补 
5) Computershave become very useful tools in modern life. 
主系表 
 
 
(二) 并列句 
练习划出并列连词： 
例：In such a case, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or 
thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. (2011 年阅读 Text 3) 
 
例：In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important,  
but it is not the express reason of the association. (2009 年翻译) 
 
例：... none of these requirements should deter large retailers from trying their 
hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap 
considerable gains. (2012 年阅读) 
 
3. 并列句的省略——并列结构（平行结构） 
练习划出并列的成分（平行结构）： 
例：The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave 
a bad one. (2011 年阅读 Text 2) 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 2 页 
 
例：To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but 
it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear 
interesting orchestral music. (2011 年阅读 Text 1) 
 
例：All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download 
still more recorded music from Tunes. (2011 年阅读 Text 1) 
 
例：For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical 
instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater 
companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great 
classical musicians of the 20th century. (2011 年阅读 Text 2) 
 
例：Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site 
seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information 
about the appeal of other companies’marketing, and may help expand user traffic 
for all companies concerned. (2011 年阅读 Text 3) 
 
 
(三) 复合句 1 ——名词性从句 
练习找出名词性从句，并判断是哪一种： 
例：Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three 
respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years.  (2008
年翻译) 
同位语从句 
 
例：One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic 
motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value.  
(2010 年翻译) 
表语从句 
 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 3 页 
例：It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful, provocative magazine cover 
story, “I Love My Children, I Hate My Life,”is arousing much chatter... (2011 年阅读
Text 4) 
主语从句后置（it 作形式主语） 
 
例：He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself 
clearly and concisely, but he believes that this very difficulty may have had the 
compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every 
sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own 
observations. (2008 年翻译) 
两个均为宾语从句 
 
 
(三) 复合句 2 ——定语从句 
练习关系词的选择： 
1) I have a class which/that begins at 8:00 am. 
2) The lawyer whom/X/who/that my brother called didn’t answer the phone. 
3) My daughter asked me a question which/that/X I couldn’t answer. 
4) The people who/that sat in the stadium cheered for the home team. 
5) Leo is the student whose bike was stolen. 
6) Australia is one of the few countries where people drive on the left.  
7) Sunday is the day when people usually don’t go to work.  
8) Is there any particular reason why you can’t come? 
 
 
(4) 练习写定语从句 
1) I lost the book which/that/X  I had borrowed from the library last week. 
我弄丢了上周从图书馆借的书。 
2) The woman whom/X/that/who  I saw in the park was feeding pigeons. 
我在公园看见的那位女士正在喂鸽子。 
3) We like Professor Lee whose lecture is very amazing. 
我们喜欢李教授，他的讲座非常精彩。 
4) The bus which/that/X  I take to school every day is usually very crowded. 
我每天上学坐的那辆公交车总是很拥挤。 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 4 页 
5) I can’t remember the day when we met last time. 
我记不起上一次我们是什么时候碰面的。 
 
 
练习（填入逗号和关系词）： 
1) He came from Beijing , whichis the capital of China. 
2) He came from a city which/that is in the north of China. 
3) This is Bill Gates,whom many people know as the richest man. 
4) This is the businessman whom/that/whowe are cooperating with. 
 
 
课后练习判断定语从句： 
1) Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. (2007 年翻译)  
 
2) Those who jumped without a job haven’t always landed in top positions 
quickly. (2011 年阅读 Text 2) 
 
3) The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with 
more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk 
that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, 
and much more damaging ways. (2011 年阅读 Text 3) 
 
4) Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness 
and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human 
association under which the world’s work is carried on receives little attention 
as compared with physical output. (2009 年翻译) 
 
5) The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.  
(2011 年阅读 Text 2) 
 
 
(三) 复合句 3 ——状语从句 
改错练习： 
1) The boss will review your work after she will return from vacation next week. 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 5 页 
改为“after she returns” 
 
2) I’ll give you a call on my cell phone as soon as my plane will land. 
改为“as soon as my plane lands” 
 
3) I don’t like my current job, but I’m going to stay with this company until I will 
find something better. 
改为“until I find” 
 
4) If it won’t be cold tomorrow, we’ll go to the beach.  
改为“If it isn’t cold” 
 
5) If it will be cold tomorrow, we will go to a movie. 
改为“If it is cold” 
 
 
课后练习判断状语从句： 
1) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the 
effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. (2010 年翻
译) 
条件状语从句 
 
2) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his 
activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to 
an exploration of rules of conduct in business. (2006 年翻译) 
比较状语从句 
 
3) Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly 
hard, Senior writes that“the very things that in the moment dampen our 
moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.”(2011 年阅读
Text 4) 
让步状语从句 
 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 6 页 
4) While history once revered its affinity to literature and philosophy, the 
emerging social sciences seemed to afford greater opportunities for asking new 
questions and providing rewarding approaches to an understanding of the past. 
(1999 年翻译) 
时间状语从句 
 
5) He can continue to support himself and his family only if he produces a surplus. 
(2000 年完形填空) 
条件状语从句 
 
6) Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life 
we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which 
will secure this ability. (2009 年翻译) 
原因状语从句 
 
 
二、句子的省略——非谓语动词 
练习划出句子中的谓语动词／非谓语动词： 
1) Unitedwe stand, dividedwe fall. (2005 年翻译)  
非谓语 v.        谓语 v.          非谓语 v.        谓语 v. 
 
2) Broadcasting his ambition was“very much my decision,”McGee says. (2011 年
阅读 Text 2)  
非谓语 v.                          谓语 v.          谓语 v. 
 
3) Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and 
非谓语 v.                                                                谓语 v. 
Said he was leaving“to pursue my goal of running a company.”(2011 年阅读
Text 2) 
谓语 v.          谓语 v.            非谓语 v.                    非谓语 v. 
 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 7 页 
6) Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three 
非谓语 v.                                               谓语 v. 
respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years.  
(2008 年翻译) 
谓语 v. 
 
7) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code whichgoverns his 
activity. (2006 年翻译) 
谓语 v. 非谓语 v. 谓语 v. 
 
8) Finding ways to assist this growing homeless population has become 
increasingly difficult.  (2006 年完型) 
非谓语 v.非谓语 v.谓语 v. 
 
 
课后练习判断非谓语动词： 
1) Even though there is plenty of evidence that the quality of teachers is the most 
important variable, teachers’unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones 
and prompting good ones.  (2012 年阅读 Text 4) 
 
2) This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not 
genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is 
more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. (2007 年阅读 Text 1) 
 
3) Physicians -- frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of 
hope in the patient -- too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is 
scientifically justified. (2003 年阅读 Text 4) 
 
4) It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out 
numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the 
best poets and philosophers. (2007 年阅读 Text 2) 
 
 
三、句子的补充 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 8 页 
(一) 成分的补充 
练习划出句子中补充的成分： 
1) One basic weakness in a conservation systembased wholly on economic 
motives（作定语，修饰 weakness） 
is that most members of the land community（作定语，修饰 members） 
haveno economic value.（作定语，修饰 value）(2010 年翻译)  
 
2) Writing in the last year of his life, （作时间状语） 
he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed 
（作同位语从句，补充说明 opinion） 
during the preceding twenty or thirty years.(2008 年翻译) 
（作时间状语） 
 
3) Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly 
hard, （作让步状语从句） 
Senior writes that“the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can  
（作定语／定语从句，修饰 things） 
later be sources of intense gratification and delight.”(2011 年阅读 Text 4)  
（作后置定语，修饰 sources） 
 
4) Even people insensitive to a certain smell at first can suddenly become 
（作后置定语，修饰 people） 
sensitive to it when exposed to it often enough. (2005 年完型) 
（作时间状语） 
 
5) Databases used by some companies don't rely on data collected systematically 
（作后置定语，修饰 databases）（作后置定语，修饰 data） 
but rather lump together information from different research projects. 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 9 页 
(2009 年阅读 Text 2)（作后置定语，同样修饰前面的 data） 
 
6) This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination  
（作后置定语，修饰 those） 
against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the  
（定语从句作后置定语，修饰 those） 
alphabet. (2004 年阅读 Text 2) 
 
7) For all the possibilities of our new culture machines, most people are still stuck  
（作后置定语，修饰 possibilities） 
（for all the possibilities of … machines, 作原因状语） 
in download mode. (2012 年阅读新题型) 
 
8) Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness 
and thrift, （作状语） 
the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association 
（前后都作定语，修饰 reaction） 
under which the world’s work is carried on receives little attention  
（定语从句作后置定语，修饰 human association） 
as compared with physical output. (2009 年翻译) 
（作状语） 
 
 
课后练习划出句子中补充的成分：： 
1) We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process 
（作状语） 
which we have been so far considering,  
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 10 页 
（定语从句作后置定语，修饰 process） 
a more formal kind of education（前后都作定语） 
— thatof direct tuition or schooling. (2009 年翻译) 
（作后置定语） 
 
2) The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with 
more (and more diverse) communications choices 
（作定语／定语从句，修饰 changes） 
have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions 
in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. (2011 年阅读 Text 3) 
（作同位语从句，补充说明 risk） 
 
 
(二) 句式的补充 
练习划出句子中倒装的部分，并且分辨出为什么倒装： 
1) And only over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the 
bottom up.  (2008 年阅读 Text 4) 
only 位于句首，部分倒装 
 
2) However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate 
programs in Canadian universities. (2007 年翻译) 
only 位于句首，部分倒装 
 
3) Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they 
had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of 
people every day. (2012 年阅读新题型) 
否定词位于句首，部分倒装 
 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 11 页 
4) Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for 
spacious living than in the Far West. (1998 年阅读 Text 4) 
否定词位于句首，部分倒装 
 
5) But had Entergy kept its word, that debate would be beside the point. (2012 年
阅读 Text 2) 
虚拟条件句省略 if，部分倒装；原句为 if Entergy had kept its word 
 
 
2. 强调 
练习划出句子中强调的部分： 
例：It is only in recent years that we hear the more honest argument that predators 
are members of the community, and that no special interest has the right to 
exterminate them for the sake of a benefit, real or fancied, to itself. (2010 年翻译) 
 
例：It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue 
because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into 
the hotels and restaurants.  (2006 年阅读 Text 2)  
 
例：It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, 
title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the 
database. (2004 年阅读 Text 1) 
 
 
(三) 考点的补充 
1. it ：形式主语／形式宾语 
1) It would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers. 
(2003 年完型) 
it 作形式主语，to do 作真正的主语 
 
2) “The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 12 页 
fundamentally inverted,”says one headhunter. (2011 年阅读 Text 2) 
it 作形式主语，to do 作真正的主语 
 
3) The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 
inefficient to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can create new 
receptors if necessary. (2005 年完形填空)  
it 作形式宾语，to do 作真正的宾语 
 
4) But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global 
warming seriously. (2005 年阅读 Text 2) 
it 作形式主语，that 引出主语从句作真正的主语 
 
5) While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon 
their disposition, itis not so easy as in dealing with adults. (2009 年翻译) 
it 作形式主语，to do 作真正的主语 
 
6) The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave 
a bad one. (2011 年阅读 Text 2) 
it 作形式宾语，to do 作真正的宾语 
 
 
2. as 
课后练习判断句子中 as 的作用： 
1) Straitford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of 
mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a 
spymaster’s dream. (2003 年阅读 Text 1) 
as 作介词 
 
2) Asis generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the smooth 
development of production. (1995 年语法) 
as 作连词，引导定语从句 
 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 13 页 
3) As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be 
understood, however, effects once assigned to states of mind, feelings, and 
traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions, and a technology of 
behavior may therefore become available. (2002 年阅读新题型) 
as 作连词，引导时间状语从句 
 
4) As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, 
assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships.  
(1997 年阅读 Text 2) 
as 作连词，引导定语从句 
 
5) As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more 
willing to make the jump without a net.   (2011 年阅读 Text 2) 
as 作连词，引导时间状语从句 
 
 
第三部分：考研真题应用 
一、读句子（完形＋阅读） 
(一) 基本结构的长难句分析 
练习分析长难句： 
1) She knewshe was near the shore／because the light was high up on the cliffs. 
because 引出原因状语从句， 
she was near the shore 是省略了引导词的宾语从句。 
 
2) The gift she gave me was very disappointing／ because it was broken.  
because 引出原因状语从句， 
she gave me 是省略了引导词的定语从句。 
 
3) In towns that are near the sea, the tiny lanterns which had been hung in the  
streets the night before, are placed into the water when the festival is over.  
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 14 页 
that 引出定语从句,修饰 towns， 
which 引出定语从句,修饰 lanterns， 
when 引出时间状语从句。 
 
4) In the early morning, the food that had been laid out for the dead is thrown 
into a river or into the sea as it is considered unlucky for anyone living to eat it.  
that 引出定语从句，修饰 food；as 引出原因状语从句。 
 
5) The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with 
more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk 
that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and 
much more damaging ways. (2011 年阅读 Text 3) 
that have provided …引出定语从句，修饰 changes; that passionate 
consumers …引出同位语从句，补充说明 the risk。 
 
 
课后练习分析长难句： 
1) It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage 
over Zodiac cars／when customers thumb through their phone directories.  
(2004 年阅读 Text 2)  
it 是形式主语，that 引出真正的主语——主语从句； 
when 引出时间状语从句。 
 
2) One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to 
trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and 
so on. (2002 年翻译) 
that 引出表语从句，what 引出介词后的宾语从句。 
 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 15 页 
3) It would be a shame to raise prices too much／ because it would drive away 
the young people／ who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. (2006 年阅读
Text 2)  
because 引出原因状语从句；who 引出定语从句，修饰 people。 
 
4) The Greeks assumed／ that the structure of language had some connection 
with the process of thought, ／which took root in Europe ／long before people 
realized how diverse languages could be. (2004 年翻译) 
that 引出宾语从句；which 引出非限定性定语从句； 
before 引出时间状语从句；how 引出宾语从句。 
 
5) If you are part of the group which you are addressing, ／you will be in a 
position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you
／and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible 
canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. (2002 年阅读 Text 
1) 
if 引出条件状语从句，其中又包含了 which 引出的定语从句； 
which are common …引出定语从句修饰 experiences and problems。 
 
6) For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a 
recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to 
use anything that comes from or is tested in animals—no meat, no fur, no 
medicines. (2003 年阅读 Text 2)  
that encouraged readers …引出定语从句，修饰 brochure; 
that comes from …引出定语从句，修饰 anything; 
comes from 与 is tested 两个谓语动词平行。 
 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 16 页 
7) But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, ／and it 
is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best 
judgments that science can prove concerning the future consequences of 
present actions. (2005 年阅读 Text 3)  
and 连接并列的两个句子； 
it 是形式主语，that our nation …引出真正的主语——主语从句； 
主语从句中又包含了一个 that science can…引出的同位语从句。 
 
8) That matters／ because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield 
that can be cropped from a fishery comes／when the biomass of a target 
species is about 50% of its original levels. (2006 年阅读 Text 2) 
because 引出原因状语从句， 
其中又包含了 that the maximum…引出的宾语从句； 
that can be …引出定语从句，修饰 yield。 
 
9) As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including 
non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive—there 
exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. 
(2005 年阅读 Text 4) 
that all varieties …引出宾语从句，其中 including…为插入语； 
that cannot convey …引出定语从句，修饰 no language or dialect。 
 
 
(二) 特殊结构的长难句分析：（分裂／嵌套／平行／省略） 
1. 分裂结构： 
课后练习长难句分析－分裂结构： 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 17 页 
1) One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is 
that Gilbert is comparatively little known. (2011 年阅读 Text 1) 
插入式的分裂结构 
 
2) This, he thought, could not be true, because the “Origin of Species”is one long 
argument from the beginning to the end, and has convinced many able men.  
(2008 年翻译) 
插入式的分裂结构 
 
3) After Galileo’s work the feeling grew that there were universal laws governing 
the motion of bodies and that these laws might apply to motion in the heavens 
as well as on earth.  
从句后移式的分裂结构 
 
4) Evidence came up that specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as 
young as 6 months old.  
从句后移式的分裂结构 
 
 
2. 嵌套结构 
课后练习长难句分析－嵌套结构： 
1) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the 
basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political 
stories. (2007 年翻译)  
how 引出宾语从句，其中又包含了一个 who 引出的定语从句 
 
2) Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live 
performance are missing the point. (2011 年阅读 Text 1) 
who 引出定语从句，其中又包含了一个 that 引出的宾语从句 
 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 18 页 
3) If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of 
every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this 
lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young. (2009 年翻
译)  
if 引出条件状语从句，其中又包含了一个 that 引出的宾语从句 
 
4) We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that 
other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that 
environment. (2011 年阅读 Text 3) 
whose 引出定语从句，其中又包含了一个 that 引出的结果状语从句 
 
5) Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life 
／we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which 
will secure this ability. (2009 年翻译)  
since 引出原因状语从句； 
whether 引出宾语从句，其中又包含了一个 which 引出的定语从句 
 
6) But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, 
happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way 
contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same 
way that a small part of us hoped (that) getting “the Rachel”might make us 
look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston. (2011 年阅读 Text 4) 
if 引出宾语从句，句子主干为 the images aren’t contributing …; 
we see…parenthood 是省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰 images; 
in the same way 引出方式状语，that 引出定语从句修饰 way，其中又包含
了一个 that 引出的宾语从句。 
 
 
3. 平行结构 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 19 页 
课后练习长难句分析－平行结构： 
1) All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download 
still more recorded music from Tunes. (2011 年阅读 Text 1) 
平行的谓语动词 
 
2) Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site 
seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information 
about the appeal of other companies’marketing, and may help expand user 
traffic for all companies concerned. (2011 年阅读 Text 3) 
平行的谓语动词 
 
3) The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave 
a bad one. (2011 年阅读 Text 2)  
平行的 to do 
 
4) For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical 
instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, 
theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of 
the great classical musicians of the 20th century. (2011 年阅读 Text 2)  
平行的 with 介词短语 
 
5) Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these 
creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that 
they prey only on “worthless”species. (2010 年翻译) 
平行的同位语从句 
 
6) In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass 
medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in 
peril and that they would someday be meat for worms. (2006 年阅读 Text 4) 
2015 考研英语语法课程讲义——练习及答案篇 
 
第 20 页 
平行的同位语从句 
 
7) However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins 
and humans, or whether it stems form the common ancestor that the species 
had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.  
(2005 年阅读 Text 1)  
平行的主语从句 
 
 
4. 省略结构 
例：It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada(death is) inevitable and in 
California (death is)optional. Small wonder. Americans’life expectancy has nearly 
doubled over the past century.  
Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression (can be)controlled, cataracts (can 
be)removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure. (2003 年阅读 Text 4)