概要信息：

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大学英语六级写作讲义 
 
主讲：王兆飞 
 
欢迎使用新东方在线电子教材 
 
CET-6 WRITING & TRANSLATION 
王兆飞 
http://blog.sina.com.cn/wangzhaofei6666 
 
 
第一章 写作综述 
阅卷的分析，记忆如何得到高分 
我们无法想象，如果没有了这些数字产品，生活将会怎样。 
We can not image how will be our life if there have no these digital productions.   
在这里 cannot 就要使用缩写 can’t；image 是名词，形象、图像、肖像，在这里我们要做句
子的谓语，应该是动词 imagine 想象；how 是副词，副词在句子中一般不做表语；how 后面
的句子中只能接一个表语；will be our life 在英语语序是不正确的；接着，there be 句式和
have 混淆；另外，production 是生产的意思而产品是 product。 
例句一：We cannot imagine what our life would be like if there were no such digital products.  
例句二：It is hard to imagine what our life would be like without these digital products.  
例句三：It is hard to picture a life void of these digital facilities.  
void of 相当于 without； 设备 facilities tools 
简单的例句：we don’t 
 
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（一）写作核心原则 
少出错 多出彩： 
少犯一些低级的语法错误。怎样才能做到这一点？ 
 
 
（二）写作三大攻略： 
1. Vary  
（1）语言  
（2）内容：四六级考试题目是给定的，有些单词不确定的时候完全可以换相关的单词。 
 
2. Input    
（1）模板 
     对立观点型：   第十一篇 
     单一观点型：   第一篇 
     问题解决型：   第十篇 
     谚语警句型 
     图表图画型：   第三篇 
     应用写作型：   第四篇 
     其他类型（读后感型） 
（2）话题词   
 1） 模拟题范文  
2） HUBeijing ReviewUHHU: UHHUForumU 
3） HUChina Daily: OpinionUH/debate 
（3）常用词 
四级词；高中词； HU大学英语积极词汇 U 
《新视野大学英语》 
《大学英语课程教学要求》  
音：    morden —— modern 
nowdays, now days, nowadays, nowerdays, now a days —— nowadays 
convinent —— convenient  
形： 
&词性   popular, populary, popularity,               
compete, competity, competive,  
competion, competition, competitive 
economic, economics, economy 
social, society 
cultural, culture 
success, succeed 
（画虚线的单词是拼写错误的） 
&名：   u,c,  特殊复数形式 
&动：   过去式、过去分词、现在分词 
&形/副：比较级、 高级 
义：  
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The boy is learning to apply the computer. 
One can touch many things on the Internet.  
用： 
Some object this opinion. 
As far as I concern,  
 
3. Practice  
（1）真题 ：  在写作方面是没有重复的； 
用真题练笔是很不错的， 近三年的真题，可以了解出题的思路 
（2）模拟题 ：关键是模拟题，一共 37 篇。每个题型练一篇。 
（3）补充：写作练习方式： 
1）对照 
2）对译 
3）造句 
access：Only high officials had access to the emperor.只有高级官员才能接近皇上。 
4）连篇 
abandon ；ability； abroad ；absence； 
Only when he was abroad did he find himself lack of the ability to live on his own. In the 
absence of his parents care, he felt helpless, as if he was abandoned.  
5）仿写：在阅读理解里看到好的文章可以背下来，进行仿写。 
6）摘要：这个东西很重要可以帮你理解文章的内容。新概念 1-4 册。 
7）默写：动动笔。练习很重要 
8）朗读 
 
 
（三）六级写作简介 
1. 内容  
1）学校学生话题：大学 大学生 
2）常见社会话题：不是敏感话题，就是我们日常的衣食住行 
 
2. 形式： 
8 类：六级写作题型分类里进行仔细讲解 
1）对立观点型：考的次数 多； 
               有题目有提纲 
2）单一观点型：较少考； 
3）陈述利弊型： 
4）解决问题型： 
5）谚语警句型 
6）图表图画型 
7）应用文写作 
8）其他 
 
3. 时间：30 分钟=5+20+5 
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时间分配： 5 分钟（审题、构思) ；20 分钟（写作）； 5 分钟（检查低级错误）  
正确改正方法：在删除的词上面划一条直线 
 
4. 字数：规定不少于 150 词； 好写到 200 词。（ 低分 2 分的也写到 200 词） 
卷面安排，字体清晰。 
        字体（意大利斜体，手写印刷体，） 
 
 
（四）六级写作高分策略 
字体优美， 段落明朗（三段） 
卷面整洁， 篇幅够长 
内容完整， 紧扣提纲 
首保正确， 再求闪光 
先总后分， 连词用上 
语言简练， 论述得当（理由有力，例子贴切） 
 
 
第二章 写作常见错误分析 
一、常见错误 
作文实例讲解：2003 年 1 月真题 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays 
to Be Honest. You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the 
outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1、当今社会上存在着很多不诚实的现象。 
2、诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实。 
It Pays to Be Honest 
① In our modern social life, there are many examples around us show many people are cheated. 
Advertisements cheat people, salesmen cheat people, and even one's closest friends cheat him or 
her. So many heartbreaks are heard every day that we cannot help asking: where is our honest 
exist? 
   Everybody is taught honest in the primary school or even in the kindergarten. Honesty does 
good not only to ourselves, but to others as well. If we are honest to others. We will be happier and 
be in a better mood. Otherwise, we'll feel guilt at last. To a company and its advertisement, 
honesty will bring it more consumers and more profit. If we cheat others, friends will never 
believe you and they will leave you alone. To a company, no consumer will buy your product 
again.　 
   So, as the above is said, it pays to be honest. Let's create a morally outstanding social.　 
 
② Although honesty is believed to be a virtue, there are still dishonest people in our society. For 
example, some businessmen sell fake product to their consumers; some students cheat in the 
exams.    　  
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Dishonest people are short-sighted. Those who sell fake products may make money at first, but 
consumers won't buy their products any more. As a result, they will lose their fortune or even be 
sent to prison. By contrast, honest people gain a lot. Those who always tell truth or keep to their 
promise not only let others trust them but gain respect from other people as well. Such persons are 
sure to have a lot of good friends. Because they are trustable and respectable, everyone is eager to 
make friends with them. Besides, it is easier for a person with a good record to get a good job. 
Generally speaking, every employer wants his employees to be honest. So we can say that anyone 
who is honest will be paid back later.　 
   In a word, honesty wins trust, respect and honor. So it is important that we should be honest.　 
 
③ With the development of modern economic and industry, competitive is becoming more and 
more obvious. At the same time, the performance of dishonest is becoming more and more 
clearly.   　  
Nowadays, there are many dishonest performances in our society. For example, some people 
found that he saled goods had past the preservation date. Not throw them away, they revised the 
perservation date, and saled them again after several days. Another case in the point, a pair of 
shoes was made from goat. However, in order to sale at a high price, the salers would say they 
were made from cow which has good quality.　 
   From the foregoing, we can see that dishonest dose not only harm to yourselves but also harm 
to others. And it is no use only realise the harmness of dishonest. We should be honest from now 
on and be honest in our daily life. It is only that people all over the world are honest them our 
country will be beautiful and wealthy.　 
 
④ Now in our society, many people are not honest in doing soming. We often can   meet with 
soming happened cause by people who are not honest. For example, Now we take the bus need 
carry cents own, and when you upstairs the bus, you should put the scent into the money box. 
Every people do that, but some of the people put the other things instead the cents.  For another 
example, it is more normal that in the exams we can always find some students see others.　 
   I consider that every people should be honest. As a people, honest should be first, because it 
can make us to be increase and make our socity develop. In doing everything we should be honest 
all, study, word, life and so on. If you are honest, every people will be friend to you, and who will 
regard you are good people.  
But if you don't be honest, people must unwilling to trath with you. So if you are want to be a 
good people, remember honest first.　 
 
⑤ Nowadays, many people choose not to be honest in our modern society. We almost can find 
such things every day of our life: some students cheat in the exam for higher marks; some 
corporations tell wrong data to the public in order to get more investment; and some doctors treat 
their patients with unnecessary and expensive medicines in order to make money, sometimes 
damaged the patients' health, even their life.　 
   Seeing this situation. I think it must be changed. Being honest will benefit not only others, but 
also ourselves. First, your honesty will make others willing to trust you. Second, being honest can 
lead you to face your problem bravely, which helps to solve it. And the last, honest surely helps to 
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make the society more harmony.　 
   So. I think everyone should start to be honest and everyone should have the idea that our 
society cannot do without honesty. 
文章中划虚线的部分要么是语法不正确，要么是单词拼写错误，或者是语序不对。 
示例分析： 
1.In our modern social life, there are many examples around us show many people are cheated. 
show 是动词，examples 的动词是 be，show 缺少主语，改为 showing 
2.第二段第一句： 
教某人做某事：teach sb to do sth，因此在 honest 前面加上 to be 
3.第三句：If we are honest to others. 这不是一句话不能用句号；We will be happier and be 
in a better mood.  be happier and be in a better mood.表达的是一个意思，多此一举，文
章要求简练。 
4.Where is our honest exist? 这是自杀式写法。 
 
常见错误类型： 
 (一)语法错误 
1、 句子结构错误 
（1）主从句叠置：一主两谓 
1）There are more and more students like to use the computer. 
there be 中 be 是谓语，like 也是谓语，这就是一主两谓。这就需要删掉一个谓语。 
要是坚持用 like 就把 there are 去掉，要是两者都想用，那就需要借助连词。 
2）There are still many problems should be noted and resolved. 
（2）简单句叠置：两个简单句放在一起 
I like chatting on line very much， I go to the net bar almost every weekend. 
两个简单句不能用逗号连接，要么加上连接词或者把逗号给为分号。如 because，so
等连接词但是 because 和 so 不能在一个句子里一起出现。因为 because 和 so 是两种连
接词。 
（3）从句叠置 
As is known to all that computers play an important role in many fields of our life. 
（4）句子成分缺失 
If work hard, we will surely be successful. 
（5）语序错误 
1）Why college students spend more and more time on the computer? 
2）I often wonder where have they got their money. 
 
2、动词错误 
（1）时态错误 
Many people thought that the Internet will be more useful in the future.  
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thought 改为 think，表达一个经常状态一般用一般现在时。 
（2）语态错误 
1) I have excited several days at the news that you will come here. 
2) Most of the students satisfy with the service in the dining hall. 
（3）单复数错误 
1）Wise man seek opportunities rather than wait for them. 
man 是第三人称单数，后面是动词的第三人称单数，seek 改为 seeks 
2）Someone are（is） afraid that computer may control（the） men in the future. 
单数可数名词通常不能单独存在（排除固定用法），要么加限定词（a, an, the），要么
变复数。 
 
3、代词错误 
1）We can use computers in doing everything you like. 
2）A college student should be able to do their washing on their own. 
这个需要结合上下文进行理解。 
同一句话之间以及代词与其所指代的名词之间，在单复数和人称上要一致。 
 
4、冠词错误 
1）Horse is a useful animal. 
2）The exam will be held in the December, 2004. 
注意代冠词 the 的用法，就是特指。其余的由同学回去好好找找。 
 
（二）用词错误 
1） Students must know how to apply a computer.  
2）People can touch many new things on the Internet.  
3）The purpose of this letter is to react some opinions on the service in the dining hall. 
 
（三）表达习惯错误 
1） Why generated so large a change?  
2） Now 6000 yuan can buy a P4 computer.  
3） A room often lives 6-8 students.  
4） I think this great change has three reasons. 
5）The prices of the food are too expensive. 
6）The reason for this is because some people want to earn plenty of money without working hard. 
 
（四）标点符号及大小写错误 
0）However, every coin has two sides, I think the surroundings in our canteen are the best among 
all universities. 
1） The man was racing down the street. Because he was late for the class. 
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2） At last I want to let you know, I love our university very much. 
3） My favorite sports are swimming、jogging、mountaineering and playing table tennis. 
4） The best English film in my eyes is《Forrest Gump》. 
再看一下这篇 03 年的文章： 
②Although honesty is believed to be a virtue, there are still dishonest people in our society. For 
example, some businessmen sell fake product to their consumers; some students cheat in the 
exams.　 
 
（五）句型写作练习 
1. 并列句 
两个或两个以上的简单句用等立连词或用分号、冒号、逗号等连在一起构成的句子
叫并列句。常用的等立连词有 and, or, but, so, for, neither, nor, while, whereas 等。 
用括号中的连接词连接下面各组句子。 
1) It was a cold snowy day. 
He had no money left for food.   (and) 
2) Hurry up. 
You’ll be late.             (or) 
3) It rained heavily last night. 
I went to the show anyway.       (but) 
4) I enjoy classical music. 
She enjoys classical music, too.   (so) 
5) He must be ill. 
He is absent today.            (for) 
  6） Some people waste food. 
Others haven’t enough.              (while) 
 7)   She is fat. 
        Her husband is thin.                 (whereas) 
 8)   She cannot read.  
        She cannot write, either.              (neither) 
 
（一） 复合句 
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句所构成的句子结构叫做复合句，也叫主从复合
句。从句由关联词引导，关联词将从句与主句联系在一起。根据其在复合句中的作用，
从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句、状语从句和同位语从句。 
 名词从句 
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在句子中的作用相当于名词通常在句
中所起的作用，因此统称为名词从句。 
引导名词从句的关联词，主要有三类： 
主从连词：that（无词义），whether（是否），if（是否） 
连接代词：who（谁），whom（谁），whose（谁的），what（什么），which（哪一
个，哪一些） 
连接副词：when（什么时候），where（什么地方），why（为什么），how（怎样） 
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主从连词只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词除了起连接作用外，还充当句中某一
个成分。 
将下面每组中的两个句子合并，将其中一个改为主语从句。 
1) They need more help in English. 
That is quite obvious. 
2) She is still alive. 
That is good news. 
3) She will come here. 
It doesn’t seem likely. 
4) The children came to the zoo. 
They like the pandas best. 
5) We are badly in need of something. 
It is raw material. 
 
将下面每组中的词连成句子，使其中包含主语从句。 
1) did not, a pity, he, come earlier, it’s, that 
2) smoking, it is, cause, a well-known fact, lung cancer, can, that 
3) encouraged him, it is, but, help him, true, actually, I, that, didn’t 
4) they, keep their promise, didn’t, seem, it, likely, that, would ever 
5) why, for criticism, hard to understand, had singled out, Mary, it was, Prof. Hardy 
 
将下面每组中的两个句子合并，将其中一个改为宾语从句。 
1) What kind of show are they putting on? 
Can you tell me? 
2) Is the letter overweight？ 
I’m wondering. 
3) How can we improve our study habits? 
I am thinking of that. 
4) Is Henry the right person for the job? 
We are still uncertain as to that. 
5) Peter has a slight headache sometimes. 
He has always been in good health except that. 
6) He had forgotten to take his notebook with him. 
He suddenly remembered that. 
 
将下面每组中的两个句子合并，将其中一个改为宾语从句，并且用 it 作形式宾语。 
1) I was far more intelligent than he was.  
I always took that for granted. 
2) You were unable to attend our meeting. 
 We all thought that was a pity. 
3) You should mind your manners. 
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 We consider that is important. 
4) He was too ill to go on working. 
 He didn't want that to be known. 
5) Every one of you should finish your homework on time. 
 I regard that as important. 
6) His father would come to his help if he got into trouble. 
 He took that for granted. 
7) He might change his mind at the last minute. 
 We thought that was highly probable. 
8) The train will be delayed by the dense fog. 
 I think that is likely. 
9) You should stop smoking. 
 The doctor thinks that is advisable. 
 
用 “what” 从句将下列句子补充完整。 
1) Could you show me ______ (you, write)? 
2) This is ________(we, should always, keep in mind). 
3) (they, see) _______ in China made a deep impression on them. 
4) We must not put off till tomorrow ______ (we, can, do , today). 
 
将下面每组中的两个句子合并，将其中一个改为同位语从句。 
1) He is growing old.  
Nothing can hide the fact. 
2) He works hard. 
The fact does not necessarily mean that he is a competent leader. 
3) I have a complacent feeling.  
I feel that I’m highly intelligent. 
4) He explained that he didn’t see the notice. 
The explanation is unsatisfactory. 
5) He holds that there is no advantage in introducing the new method. 
Most of us don’t agree with his view. 
6) He won the first gold medal at the 23rd Olympic Games. 
The news soon spread throughout the country. 
7) He has suggested that intelligence is a relative matter. 
His suggestion is not universally accepted. 
8) I moved that the vote be postponed. 
He seconded my motion. 
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9) He feared that he might not be able to finish the work.  
The fear disturbed him greatly. 
10) We expressed a hope.  
That hope was that Mr. and Mrs. Morrison would come and visit China again. 
11) I’ve come from Mr. Lin with a message.  
It says that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon. 
12) Suzy is the right person for the job. 
There can be no doubt about it. 
 
 定语从句 
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句是定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句
必须放在先行词的后面。定语从句一般由关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose 和关系
副词 when, where, why 引出。 
关系代词和关系副词有两个作用：1、把主句和从句连接起来；2、在从句中作一个成分。
which, that, who 在从句中作主语或宾语；whom 作宾语；whose 作定语。when, where, why
在从句中作状语。 
关系代词 that, which, who, whom 如果在从句中作宾语，也可以省略。 
另外，如果 which 或 whom 在定语从句中原为介词的宾语，则这个介词可以提到从句前，
构成介词+which 或 whom 引出的定语从句。 
定语从句根据与先行词的密切程度可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定
语从句与先行词关系密切，从句是整个句子不可缺少的部分，去掉之后句子的意思就不完
整，不明确，从句与主句之间不用逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系比较松散，
从句只是对先行词的附加说明，去掉之后句子的意思仍然很清楚，从句与主句之间常用逗
号隔开。 
将下面每组中的两个句子合并，将其中一个改为定语从句。 
1) I went to visit the American author. 
He wrote a number of books about China. 
2) My aunt prepared the soup. 
I ate the soup. 
3) I have an arrangement with my bank. 
By the arrangement they let me use their money and repay them next month. 
4) He sent her a letter.  
In the letter he said that he was sorry for what he had done to her.  
5) Mr. Brown just came from Britain yesterday. 
He will teach us accounting this term. 
6) She is going to spend the winter holidays in Hainan. 
She has some relatives there.  
7) The United States is known for its supermarkets. 
In these supermarkets, huge quantities of all kinds of food and household articles are 
sold.  
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8) The story happened in late 19th century.  
At that time, China is suffering from the invasion of western powers.  
 
 状语从句 
状语从句按其意义可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步等类别。
其引导词分别如下： 
时间状语从句：when, after, before, as, while, whenever, since, once, until, as soon as 
地点状语从句：where, wherever 
原因状语从句：because, as, since, now that 
目的状语从句：so that, in order that, lest 
结果状语从句：so that, so…that, such…that 
条件状语从句： if, unless, suppose (supposing), provided (that), providing (that), on 
condition (that), in case, as (so) long as 
方式状语从句：as, as if (though) 
让步状语从句：though, although, even if (though), however, whatever, no matter how (what, 
where, when), whether…or 
将下面每组中的两个句子合并，将其中一个改为状语从句。 
(as long as,     on condition that,    lest,       so…that,       such…that,          
in case,            as if,                now that,      whether…or,      
however,) 
1) You’ve bought a new car. 
What are you going to do with the old one? 
2) We’d better take the telescope with us. 
Perhaps it is needed. 
3) We must hurry off. 
Otherwise, we might miss the bus.  
4) The problem was very complicated. 
It took us nearly two weeks to solve it.  
5) The aircraft was flying at a very high altitude. 
We could hardly see it.  
6) I’ll lend you my computer. 
The condition is that you keep it in good shape.  
7) You can go out. 
But you should promise to be back before 11 at night.  
8) I remember the whole thing.  
It seems that it happened yesterday.  
9) He tried very hard.  
But he could not do the job satisfactorily.  
10) It may take an hour or even a whole day. 
But I shall find out the answer.  
 
3.  复杂的简单句 
    并列句和复合句往往可以浓缩成复杂的简单句，使语言更为紧凑、多样。 
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表示时间、让步或条件的状语从句往往可以改写为介词词组作状语。 
1) They looked both ways before they crossed the street. 
2) I made my decision after I talked to Sir Francis. 
3) Although he was ill, he was determined to carry out his plan.  
4) Although they’re intelligent, they aren’t doing well in school.  
5) Although he’s rich, he isn’t very happy.  
6) Although he’s tall, he isn’t a very good basketball player.  
7) If we had your support, we might succeed in performing our task. 
8) Even if there were air and water, plants still couldn’t grow on the moon. 
9) If you don’t work hard, you will accomplish nothing. 
10) If it had not been for their assistance, he would have found himself in trouble. 
 
起伴随或补充说明作用的从句、简单句或并列谓语往往可以改写为“with +名词+分词/形容
词/介词词组”的结构作状语。 
1) They wear layers of clothes even in summer time. Newspapers are stuffed between the 
layers as further protection against bad weather. 
2) If more people help them, they probably will be able to accomplish the task ahead of time. 
3) As all his savings were gone, he started to look for a job. 
4) In the corner there is a table. One of its legs is shorter than the others. 
5) When the job was finished, we went to the seaside for a holiday. 
6) As the pace of change is quickening, more and more scientists find it hard to keep up with the 
latest developments even in their own disciplines. 
7) She looked in my face and tears streamed down her cheeks. 
 
还有另外一些从句或简单句也可以改写为介词词组作状语。 
1) She won’t go home until she has taken the exam. 
2) Because he had a bad leg, he couldn’t walk as fast as the others.  
3) We are full aware that the situation is serious. 
4) She hurried back to school for fear that she miss too many lessons. 
5) We should not criticize Susan for what she has done. Instead, we ought to praise her for it. 
6) Helen did not go straight home after school. She went to work as a waitress in a restaurant. 
7) I am not going to send the book to Allan by post. I am going to take it to him myself. 
8) Dr. Wilson did not go to New York yesterday to attend his daughter’s wedding. He flew to 
Florida for an emergency case. 
 
系表结构的定语从句往往可以改写为直接用形容词、介词词组或分词结构作定语。 
1) I love girls who are intelligent  
2) At the party, I got to know a professor who is in his thirties.  
3) I hate to see letters that are written in pencil. 
4) The substance, which was discovered almost by accident, has revolutionized medicine. 
5) Among those who are taking part in the work, he is probably the most active. 
 
两个句子的主语一致时，其中一个往往可以改写成分词结构作状语。 
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1) Every one of us had been convinced that the project was feasible by the time we left the 
meeting. 
2) As Peter got home from the three-month-long journey to the Antarctic he looked tired 
out. 
3) They went hunting for hours, but when they returned they were empty-handed. 
4) When he entered the office he was still annoyed by the way she spoke to him. 
5) Teenagers are pressured by school work. They are also encouraged by their peers. 
Under such circumstances, they resort to smoking. 
6) College students now are primarily interested in grades and economic success. They 
cheat on exams more frequently. 
 
两个句子的主语相关但不一致时，其中一个句子往往可以改写成分词的独立结构作状语。 
1) He sat in front of them. And his dusty face masked his age. 
2) She heard a continual strange noise coming from the next room. Her heart beat fast. 
3) The old beggar sat at the corner. Tears welled up in his eyes. 
4) Jim continued on his way. The dog was jumping about in front of him. 
5) The girl in the snapshot wore a broad smile. Her long hair flowed in the breeze. 
 
解释性的语句往往可以改写成同位语。 
1) This is Mr. Black. He is director of our hospital. 
2) “Leave it to me,” said Peter. Peter was the man on duty. 
3) Qinghai Lake is the largest inland body of salt water in China. It lies 3195 meters above 
sea level. 
4) The whole plan was completed within three months. That is half the usual time. 
5) He read all kinds of books. They were ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign. 
6) He was formerly a worker himself. He is now an engineer. 
7) She is a mother of three children. She has now entered a college again for further 
education. 
 
4.  倒装句 
英语的句子在以下几种情况下可以倒装。 
否定词位于句首时 
1) I have never been to Europe. 
2) He had hardly eaten anything before the dinner was over. 
3) She had scarcely fallen asleep when a knock at the door awakened her.  
4) Anne had arrived no sooner than she fell ill. 
5) She cares little about what others say about her.  
 
so, nor, neither 等词位于句首，表明前句说明的情况也适用于本句时 
1) Richard can speak Japanese. His sister can speak Japanese, too. 
2) Copper is a good conductor. Many other metals are good conductors, too. 
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3) Paul could not dance, and he could not sing either. 
4) The husband was not hospitable to the visitor. And the wife did not say a word of 
welcome either. 
 
含有 so...that 结构的句子将 so 引导的部分位于句首时 
1) He was so excited that he could not go to sleep. 
2) He spoke so forcefully at the meeting that everyone present was convinced. 
3) He worked so hard that he obtained his Ph. D. degree one year ahead of schedule. 
 
only 引出的状语位于句首时 
8) His father called his name only once. 
9) The doctor realized only then that his patient needed surgery. 
10) We can conclude the business only when you adjust down your price. 
 
主语部分过长或上下文需要衔接时 
1)  The young father who wished to purchase a life insurance policy and agreed to pay a 
sum of $200 per year for 40 years was sitting in front of the counter. 
2) The question of how to face the possibilities of illness, injury, death and financial loss is 
more important. 
3）The writing of a dictionary involves a number of tasks. The reading of literature, the 
copying   
of words on cards, the sorting of the cards and the writing of definitions are among 
them. 
 
5.  被动句 
英语中被动句的使用远远多于汉语。以下几种情况英语都用被动语态：（1）不知道
动作的执行者；（2）没有必要指出或不想指出动作的执行者；（3）虽然需要同时指出动
作的执行者但更强调动作的承受者。 
将下列句子改为被动形式。 
1) They saw Joe’s father return after dark. 
2) They do not allow you to smoke in the laboratory.  
3) We should take effective measures to stop various forms of pollution. 
4) When she was in Shanghai we heard the actress say she had long thought of the city as 
her second home. 
5) People saw the young man enter the building next to the bank. 
6) After the minister of education had finished speaking at the press conference, people 
made him answer all sorts of questions. 
7) I don’t think anyone can make Tom do what he dislikes. 
8) I heard the wind roar through the trees. 
9) What should one do in a case like this? 
 
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6.  强调句 
改写下列句子，强调划线部分。 
1) UJeffersonU wrote the Declaration of Independence. 
2) The author praises all that is progressive Uwith genuine(真实的) feeling. 
3) We could not cross the river Ubecause the water had risen. 
4) UJim, a heartless fellowU, was heard shouting at his mother in the dead of night(在深夜). 
5) Mrs. Williams didn't know anything about it Uuntil I told herU. 
 
 
句型写作练习答案： 
并列句 
1) It was a cold snowy day and he had no money left for food.   
2) Hurry up or you’ll be late.  
3) It rained heavily last night but I went to the show anyway.   
4) I enjoy classical music, so does she. 
5) He must be ill, for he is absent today.  
6) Some people waste food UwhileU others haven’t enough. 
7) She is fat UwhereasU her husband is thin.  
8) She cannot read, neither can she write. 
复合句 
（1）主语从句 
1) It is quite obvious that they need more help in English. 
2) It is good news that she is still alive. 
3) It doesn’t seem likely that she will come here. 
4) What the children like the best in the zoo are the pandas.  
5) What we are badly in need of is raw material. 
（2）主语从句 
1) It’s a pity that he did not come earlier. 
2) It is a well-known fact that smoking can cause lung cancer. 
3) It is true that I encouraged him, but I didn’t actually help him. 
4) It didn’t seem likely that they would ever keep their promise. 
5) It was hard to understand why Prof. Hardy had singled out Mary for criticism. 
（3） 
1) Can you tell me what kind of show they are putting on? 
2) I’m wondering if the letter is overweight. 
3) I am thinking how we can improve our study habits. 
4) We are still uncertain whether Henry is the right person for the job. 
5) Peter has always been in good health except that he has a slight headache sometimes. 
6) He suddenly remembered that he had forgotten to take his notebook with him. 
（4） 
1) I always took it for granted that I was far more intelligent than he was.  
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2) We all thought it a pity that you were unable to attend our meeting. 
3) We consider it important that you should mind your manners. 
4) He didn't want it known that he was too ill to go on working. 
5) I regard it important that every one of you should finish your homework on time. 
6) He took it for granted that his father would come to his help if he got into trouble. 
7) We thought it highly probable that he might change his mind at the last minute. 
8) I think it likely that the train will be delayed by the dense fog. 
9) The doctor thinks it advisable that you should stop smoking. 
（5）  
1) Could you show me what you have written? 
2) This is what we should always keep in mind. 
3) What they saw in China made a deep impression on them. 
4) We must not put off till tomorrow what we can do today. 
（6） 同位语从句 
1) Nothing can hide the fact that he is growing old.  
2) The fact that he works hard does not necessarily mean that he is a competent leader. 
3) I have a complacent feeling that I’m highly intelligent.  
4) The explanation that he didn’t see the notice is unsatisfactory./ The explanation is 
unsatisfactory that he didn’t see the notice. 
5) Most of us don’t agree with his view that there is no advantage in introducing the new 
method. 
6) The news soon spread throughout the country that he won the first gold medal at the 23rd 
Olympic Games. 
7) His suggestion that intelligence is a relative matter is not universally accepted./His 
suggestion is not universally accepted that intelligence is a relative matter. 
8) He seconded my motion that the vote be postponed. 
9) The fear that he might not be able to finish the work disturbed him greatly./ The fear 
disturbed him greatly that he might not be able to finish the work. 
10) We expressed a hope that Mr. and Mrs. Morrison would come and visit China again.  
11) I’ve come from Mr. Lin with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.  
12) There can be no doubt that Suzy is the right person for the job. 
定语从句 
1) I went to visit the American author who wrote a number of books about China. 
2) I ate the soup my aunt prepared. 
3) I have an arrangement with my bank, by which they let me use their money and repay 
them next month. 
4) He sent her a letter, in which he said that he was sorry for what he had done to her.  
5) Mr. Brown, who just came from Britain yesterday, will teach us accounting this term. 
6) She is going to spend the winter holidays in Hainan, where she has some relatives. 
7) The United States is known for its supermarkets, where huge quantities of all kinds of 
food and household articles are sold. 
8) The story happened in late 19th century, when China is suffering from the invasion of 
western powers.  
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状语从句 
1) Now that you’ve bought a new car, what are you going to do with the old one? 
2) We’d better take the telescope with us in case it is needed. 
3) We must hurry off, lest we should miss the bus.  
4) The problem so very complicated that it took us nearly two weeks to solve it.  
5) The aircraft was flying at such a high altitude that we could hardly see it.  
6) I’ll lend you my computer on condition that you keep it in good shape.  
7) You can go out as long as you promise to be back before 11 at night.  
8) I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.  
9) However hard he tried, he could not do the job satisfactorily.  
10) Whether it takes an hour or even a whole day, I shall find out the answer.  
复杂的简单句 
（1） 
1) They looked both ways before they crossing the street. 
2) I made my decision after talking to Sir Francis. 
3) Despite/In spite of his illness, he was determined to carry out his plan.  
4) Despite/In spite of their intelligence, they aren’t doing well in school.  
5) Despite/In spite of his richness/wealth, he isn’t very happy.  
6) Despite/In spite of his height, he isn’t a very good basketball player. 
7) Without your support, we might succeed in performing our task. 
8) Even with air and water, plants still couldn’t grow on the moon. 
9) Without hard work, you will accomplish nothing. 
10) But for their assistance, he would have found himself in trouble. 
1.  
1) They wear layers of clothes even in summer time, with newspapers stuffed between the 
layers as further protection against bad weather. 
2) With more people helping them, they probably will be able to accomplish the task ahead of 
time. 
3) With all his savings gone, he started to look for a job. 
4) In the corner there is a table, with one of its legs shorter than the others. 
5) With the job finished, we went to the seaside for a holiday. 
6) With the pace of change quickening, more and more scientists find it hard to keep up with the 
latest developments even in their own disciplines. 
7) She looked in my face with tears streaming down her cheeks. 
2.  
1) She won’t go home until after (taking) the exam. 
2) Because of his bad leg, he couldn’t walk as fast as the others.  
3) We are fully aware of the seriousness of the situation. 
4) She hurried back to school for fear of missing too many lessons. 
5) Instead of criticizing Susan for what she has done, we ought to praise her for it. 
6) Instead of going straight home after school, Helen went to work as a waitress in a restaurant. 
7) Instead of going to send the book to Allan by post, I am going to take it to him myself. 
8) Instead of going to New York yesterday to attend his daughter’s wedding, Dr. Wilson flew to 
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Florida for an emergency case. 
3.  
1) I love intelligent girls.  
2) At the party, I got to know a professor in his thirties.  
3) I hate to see letters written in pencil. 
4) The substance discovered almost by accident has revolutionized medicine. 
5) Among those taking part in the work, he is probably the most active. 
4.  
1) Every one of us left the meeting convinced that the project was feasible. 
2) Peter got home from the three-month-long journey to the Antarctic, looking tired out. 
3) They went hunting for hours, but they returned empty-handed. 
4) He entered the office, still annoyed by the way she spoke to him. 
5) Pressured by school work and encouraged by their peers, teenagers resort to smoking. 
6) Primarily interested in grades and economic success, college students now cheat on 
exams more frequently. 
5.  
1) He sat in front of them, his dusty face masking his age. 
2) She heard a continual strange noise coming from the next room, her heart beating fast. 
3) The old beggar sat at the corner, tears welling up in his eyes. 
4) Jim continued on his way, the dog jumping about in front of him. 
5) The girl in the snapshot wore a broad smile, her long hair flowing in the breeze. 
6.  
1) This is Mr. Black, director of our hospital. 
2) “Leave it to me,” said Peter, the man on duty. 
3) Qinghai Lake, the largest inland body of salt water in China, lies 3195 meters above sea 
level. 
4) The whole plan was completed within three months, half the usual time. 
5) He read all kinds of books, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign. 
6) Formerly a worker himself, he is now an engineer. 
7) A mother of three children, she has now entered a college again for further education. 
倒装句 
1．  
1) Never have I been to Europe. 
2) Hardly had he eaten anything when the dinner was over. 
3) Scarcely had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door awakened her.  
4) No sooner had Anne arrived than she fell ill. 
5) Little does she care about what others say about her.  
2．  
1) Richard can speak Japanese. So can his sister. 
2) Copper is a good conductor. So are many other metals. 
3) Paul could not dance. Nor could he sing. 
4) The husband was not hospitable to the visitor. Nor was the wife. 
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3．  
1) So excited was he that he could not go to sleep. 
2) So forcefully did he speak at the meeting that everyone present was convinced. 
3) So hard did he work that he obtained his Ph. D. degree one year ahead of schedule. 
4．  
1) Only once did his father call his name. 
2) Only then did the doctor realize that his patient needed surgery. 
3) Only when you adjust down your price can we conclude the business. 
5．  
1) Sitting in front of the counter was the young father who wished to purchase a life 
insurance policy and agreed to pay a sum of $200 per year for 40 years. 
2) More important is the question of how to face the possibilities of illness, injury, death 
and financial loss. 
3) The writing of a dictionary involves a number of tasks. Among them are the reading of 
literature, the copying of words on cards, the sorting of the cards and the writing of 
definitions. 
被动句 
1) Joe’s father was seen to return after dark. 
2) You are not allowed to smoke in the laboratory.  
3) Effective measures should be taken to stop various forms of pollution. 
4) When she was in Shanghai, the actress was heard to say she had long thought of the city 
as her second home. 
5) The young man was seen to enter the building next to the bank. 
6) After the minister of education had finished speaking at the press conference, he was 
made to answer all sorts of questions. 
7) I don’t think Tom can be made to do what he dislikes. 
8) The wind was heard to roar through the trees. 
9) What should be done in a case like this? 
强调句 
1) It was Jefferson who wrote the Declaration of Independence. 
2) It is with genuine feeling that the author praises all that is progressive. 
3) It was because the water had risen that we could not cross the river. 
4) It was Jim, a heartless fellow, who was heard shouting at his mother in the dead of night. 
It was not until I told her that Mrs. Williams knew anything about it. 
 
（六）用词准确化 
1. 词义准确 
经常辨析近义词 
2. 搭配准确 
经常收集搭配 
1）adj. + n.  
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显著的进步 remarkable/striking progress 
巨大的损失 substantial loss 
拥堵的交通 heavy traffic 
2）v. + n.  
达到目的 achieve one’s end/attain one’s goal 
获取知识 acquire knowledge 
传播疾病 transmit diseases 
3）v. + prep.  
剥夺 deprive sb. of sth. 
充斥 be flooded with… 
4）v. + adv.  
大幅度地增长 expand dramatically 
 
（七）用词多样化 
1. think 
替换 think 的单词 believe；hold；deem；reckon；maintain；argue；claim；assert；contend；
assume；suppose 
2. cause 
替换的单词 lead to ；result in；bring about；contribute to；be responsible for 
3. serious 
替换的单词 grave；acute；severe；grievous  
4. important 
替换的单词有 vital；essential；critical；crucial；of utmost importance 
5. necessary 
替换的单词 indispensable；imperative；urgent；pressing；of utmost necessity 
6. very 
替换的单词：exceedingly；extremely；particularly；considerably；quite；rather  
 
作文中切记不要出现生僻词和口语词： 
propitious； deleterious  
you know, well, gonna, wanna, gotta, ‘cause, yeah!! Hi, man. 
 
（八）样板文章分析： 
注意语言简练这个问题。 
 
实例二 
1999 年 6 月真题 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Reading 
selectively or Extensively? You should write at least 120 words and you should base 
your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1. 有些人认为读书要有选择 
2. 有些人认为应当博览群书 
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3. 我的看法 
 
Reading Selectively or Extensively? 
U11 分 U①When it comes to reading, some people think that reading selectively is a good way, but 
some other people do not agree with them, they think that reading extensively is better.（第一段浓
缩成 When it comes to reading，the opinions differ from person to person.） 
（开头啰嗦）Those people, who think that reading selectively is better, believe that good 
books are as many as bad books. Those good books can give us pleasure and knowledge, while 
those bad books can only lead us to the wrong way. So, they suggest that we should only choose 
the good books to read and never touch the bad books. 
    （开头啰嗦） But, the other people, who hold that reading extensively is better, think that 
one kind of books can only give us one aspect of knowledge. Even the best book only contains one 
field of information. So, they can easily come to the conclusion that “to know more, to read 
more”. So they believe that reading extensively is better. 
To my point, we should choose good books to read and read good books as many as 
possible. By this way, we can increase the quality and quantity of reading. 
 
② I think reading not only selectively but also extensively. Because the two sides are not 
contradict. Our time is limited. So we cannot read every book in the world. However, we will not 
be interested in every book. We should read those books may be useful to ours, read those books 
which we like. But those books which we choose must be extensively so it can give ours all kinds 
of knowledge, news and so on, it also make ours become a wise man. On the one hand reading 
selectively let ours not waste our time which it is limited. Moreover it can emphasis among all 
books that we can read. On the other hand reading extensively can deal with all kinds of need in 
our life. They are all useful to ours. 
　   
③ Most people thought that read books should have been selective. But others believed reading 
extensively was correction. 
Selective books or reading extensively? 
Sure, you can choice one from previous ideas,  
on one hand, There are too book to read for us. We should choose those which we intrested, 
and it would be helpful for us. 
on another hand. Someone's intresting was wide. Each book could bring you specific contain 
we couldn't reading at only one level. 
I confirmed all of these ideas were good but weren't wise. 
As a reader, the main task is to discover more and more books the second task is to held some 
which wonderful and helpful for us. Don't treat these books with rackless abandon.  
The best technology of reading is connect. 
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④  How should we read? Should we read selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own view.  
Some people think we should read selectively. They argue that with the development of 
modern science and technology, more and more books are published. It is impossible for us to read 
all the books. What's more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we 
shouldn't read them. Since we can't read all the books and we shouldn't read bad books, we must 
read selectively. 
But others may not agree. They emphasize that today's society is not what it was. If one man 
has many kinds of knowledge he'll have more chances to succeed. If a man knows much in one 
field but knows nothing in other fields, he may be useless. Since we must have many kinds of 
knowledge, we must read extensively. 
Who's right? I think both of them have something right. But I think we should read 
extensively first. We should read books in many fields, and read selectively in one field. 
 
⑤  Some people think reading shall be choosed. Because some books are good to hummen 
beings and some books are harmful to people. 
Some people think that men shoud read books widely. Because wide reading can help man 
get much knowledge. And man can use it to change the world. 
It is my point that reading must be selectively. Because reading is important to man. Some books 
can help man but some books can lead some people to crime. It can be seen in the newspapers and 
watched on TV. We can make full use of some good books and gain more useful knowledge. It can 
make our life more beauiful. We must give up those unhelpful books. They are not good to us. 
Reading them is wasting time and money. So reading selectively is an important part in reading. 
通过这篇文章要求大家写作文要注意简练。这 5 篇文章的低分的是第二篇和第三篇。第二篇
得了 5 分，段落太少；第三篇得了 2 分，段落太多，错误太多，拼写错误，语法错误，画线
部分就是这篇文章的错误。 
 
（九）字数扩展技巧： 
1.  合理铺垫法 
2.  万能填充法 
3.  分类思维法 
4.  正反对比法  
5.  影响延伸法 
6.  平分秋色法 
7.  同义替换法  
8.  提出建议法 
9.  论据反驳法 
10. 举例论证法 
 
例子 1：  
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Keeping 
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Pets. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your composition on 
the outline below:　 
1. 有些人赞成养宠物 
       2. 有些人反对养宠物 
    3. 你的观点 
Keeping Pets 
There is no denying the fact that keeping pets has been a hotly debated topic in China. 
People’s opinions differ sharply on this issue. Some hold the positive view. They say that pets like 
cats, dogs and birds can reduce, to some extent, loneliness for both adults and children, especially 
for the old, the single, housewives and the disabled. Without pets, these people’s life would 
become dull and cheerless. 
Others, however, hold the opposite view. They maintain that keeping pets should be banned. 
They point out that pets are responsible for noises, which disturb people’s rest, and for injuries 
suffered both by the people who keep them and by innocent neighbors. They also argue that 
keeping pets is a waste of money and resources. 
Personally, I believe that we should not go to extremes. On the one hand, we should allow 
people to keep pets; on the other hand, we should take measures to solve the problems caused by 
pets. This can be done by banning pets from public places. In addition, large and dangerous pets 
should be restricted to special areas. 
或 UWeighing the arguments of both sides, I am inclined to agree with the latter.U Anyway, we 
can lessen our loneliness and express our love toward animals in other ways. And it is my belief 
that only by placing man and other species on an equal basis can we expect to have a lively and 
colorful world.  
只要动手写就会想到要写的东西。 
首先 in the first place 
参照放鞭炮的（b）第二段，我们进行万能改写： 
UOthers, however, hold the opposite view.U UThey maintain thatU keeping pets should be banned. 
Pets are responsible for noises, which affect people’s sleep and for injuries suffered 
both by the people who keep them and by innocent neighbors.U They also argue that U 
firecrackers are a waste of money and resources. 
 
例子 2：1995 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Should 
Firecrackers Be Banned? You should write at least 120 words and you should base 
your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1.  有人认为放鞭炮是好事，为什么? 
2.  有人认为放鞭炮是坏事，为什么? 
3.  我的看法 
在这里你就要考虑能不能写够字数。 
范文： 
                                （a） 
Some people think that setting off firecrackers is a good thing. They say that it is an ancient 
Chinese custom which should be preserved. They also claim that firecrackers make festivals and 
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holiday occasions more colorful and entertaining for both adults and children. 
On the other hand, there are many people who say that firecrackers should be banned. They 
point out that firecrackers are responsible for fires which destroy property, and for injuries 
suffered both by the people who set them off and by innocent bystanders. They also say that 
firecrackers are a waste of money and resources. 
My own point of view is that we should preserve the old custom of letting off firecrackers, 
while at the same time making them harmless. We can do this by banning firecrackers from public 
places. In addition, we should restrict the setting off of firecrackers to festival days. 
 
(b) 
UThere is no denying the fact thatU setting off firecrackers Uhas been a hotly debated topic in 
China.U UPeople’s opinions differ sharply on this issue.U USome hold the positive view.U UThey say that U it 
is an ancient Chinese custom which should be preserved. UThey also claim thatU firecrackers make 
festivals and holiday occasions more colorful and entertaining for both adults and children. 
UWithout Ufirecrackers, festivals would become dull and cheerless. 
UOthers, however, hold the opposite view.U UThey maintain thatU firecrackers should be banned. 
UThey point out thatU firecrackers are responsible for fires, which destroy property, and for injuries 
suffered both by the people who set them off and by innocent bystanders. UThey also argue thatU 
firecrackers are a waste of money and resources. 
UPersonally, I believe that we should not go to extremes. On the one hand, we shouldU preserve 
the old custom of letting off firecrackers; Uon the other hand, we shouldU make it harmless. This can 
be done by banning firecrackers from public places. In addition, the setting off of firecrackers 
should be restricted to festival days. 
 
(c) 
UThere has been much controversy overU setting off firecrackers Uin the past years, with each 
party owning convincing evidences.U UThose who are in favor ofU setting off firecrackers Uclaim thatU it 
is an ancient Chinese custom that should be preserved. They also argue that firecrackers make 
festivals and holiday occasions more colorful and entertaining for both adults and children. 
Without firecrackers, festivals would become cold and cheerless.  
UOn the other hand, there are many people who are of the opinion thatU firecrackers should be 
banned. They point out that firecrackers are responsible for fires which destroy property, and for 
injuries suffered both by the people who set them off and by innocent bystanders. Besides, they 
maintain that firecrackers lead to a waste of money and resources. 
UPersonally, I think that both sides have something right. Actually,U firecrackers Ushould be 
viewed as a two-edged sword, which presents us with both benefits and troubles. But we should 
not give up eating for fear of choking. The best policy, as I see it, is to maximize their advantages 
and minimize their unhealthy influence, so that they can benefit us in a better way. 
 
第三章 作文写作方法(类型化写作) 
字数扩展方式 
1.  合理铺垫法 
2.  万能填充法 
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3.  分类思维法 
4.  正反对比法  
5.  影响延伸法 
6.  平分秋色法 
7.  同义替换法  
8.  提出建议法 
9.  论据反驳法 
10. 举例论证法 
 
（一）对立观点型： 
2009 年 12 月 
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should 
Parents Send Their Kids to Art Classes? You should write at least 150 words 
following the outline given below. 
1.  现在有不少家长送孩子参加各种艺术班 
2.  对这种做法有人表示支持，但有人并不赞成 
3.  我认为…… 
Should Parents Send Their Kids to Art Classes? 
UThere is no denying the fact that it has become a prevailing trend for Uparents UtoU send their 
children to art training classes of all kinds. UTaking a look around, we can find examples too many 
to list. 
To this phenomenon people’s attitudes differ sharply. Some hold the positive view. They 
claim that attending art classes can help nurture children’s interest or tap their potentials in art. 
This, they believe, will contribute to a child’s all-sided development. Besides, they argue that 
mastering skills of one art or two can add to a child’s edge of competition in the modern world. 
Others, however, hold the opposite view. They point out that not all children are interested 
or talented in art, or a child may not be fond of all forms of art. Forcing them to go to art classes 
may only restrict their freedom and affect their healthy growth. 
Personally, I believe that we should not go to extremes. On the one hand, it must be 
admitted that going to art classes is and effective means to find out children’s talent in art and it is 
conducive to their sound development. On the other hand, parents should not deprive their 
children of their right to choose to learn what they truly like. Remember, the fittest is the best.  
 
2009 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the 
Importance of a Name. You should write at least 150 words following the outline 
given below. 
 1. 有人说名字（或名称）很重要 
 2. 也有人觉得名字（或名称）无关紧要 
 3. 我认为…… 
On the Importance of a Name 
There is no denying the fact that it is a controversial topic whether names are important or not. 
Some hold the positive view. They claim that a good name, or a name that can be easily 
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 26
remembered, can bring one a lot more opportunities than others. Some Chinese may also believe 
that a name designed according to the traditional theory of five elements can bring good luck. 
Others, however, hold the opposite view. They argue that a name is nothing but a code to 
distinguish one from another. A person with a “good” name may not be as successful as the name 
indicates. In the same way, a person who has a common or casually given name can also achieve 
tremendous success. 
Personally, I believe that both sides have something right, so we should not go to extremes. 
On the one hand, we have to admit that a well designed name can help a person to some extent. 
On the other hand, we should not exaggerate the effect of a name on a person’s fate. Anyway, a 
person’s success mainly depends on his hard work and desirable personalities. 
 
2008 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Will E-books 
Replace Traditional Books? You should write at least 150 words following the outline 
given below. 
 1. 随着信息技术的发展，电子图书越来越多 
 2. 有人认为电子图书会在将来取代传统图书 
 3. 我的观点 
Will E-books Replace Traditional Books? 
UThere is no denying the fact thatU e-books Uhave gained increasing popularity in the past years 
along with the development ofU information technology. Taking a look around, we can find 
examples too numerous to list. Actually, modern readers seem to spend more time on e-books than 
on traditional ones.  
UAs a consequence, it has emerged as a hotly debated topic whetherU e-books will take the 
place of traditional books in the future. Some hold the positive view. They claim that it is natural 
for books to be come electronic as mankind steps into a digital age. Compared with traditional 
books, e-books have some obvious advantages. For one thing, it is convenient to read on line as 
modern people have easy access to the Internet. For another, reading e-books saves money.  
Personally, I believe that e-books cannot replace all traditional books. First, you can mark a 
traditional book and write your comments in the margin but you can hardly do that on e-books. 
Secondly, to many people, only the smell of print and the feel of paper can provide the true sense 
of reading and learning. Therefore, in my opinion, traditional books will still exist in the future.  
 
（二）单一观点型 
1993 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic My 
View on Opportunity. You must base your composition on the following instructions 
(given in Chinese): 
有的人认为机会是极少的，另一些人则认为人人都会有某种机会。你的看法
如何？写出你的理由并且适当举例。在你的文章结尾处不要忘记写出你的结论。 
Your composition should be no less than 120 words. Remember to write it neatly. 
 My View on Opportunity 
UThere is no consensus of opinion in society aboutU opportunities. UThere are some who think 
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 27
that Uopportunities come only rarely, and only to lucky people. UOthers argue that Uopportunities 
come to everyone from time to time. 
UPersonally, I agree with the latter opinion.U UIt seems to me that Uvarious kinds of opportunities 
are all around us all the time. The secret is to recognize opportunities and to grasp them in time, 
because they will not come to you of their own accord. For example, my classmates once refused 
to enter a national chemistry competition, because they thought that they had no chance of 
winning. But I took this opportunity, and by preparing well I managed to win the first prize. 
    UBringing what has been said into conclusion, I may say thatU my motto is: Watch out for 
opportunities, and at all times prepare yourself to take advantage of them. 
 
1994 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the title: 
The Career I Pursue. You must write your composition in no less than 120 words on 
the Composition Sheet and remember to write in readable handwriting. 
The Career I Pursue  
Unlike many other college students, I thought long and hard about my future before 
embarking on my studies. I then sought advice from my teachers and my parents about the best 
life path for me to choose. Finally, I settled on journalism as the career which would best suit my 
temperament. 
Although the financial rewards has two particular attractions for me. First, by supplying 
people with the information they need every day, it fulfills a socially useful function. Second, it is 
a job full of novelty, unlike most occupations, which involve simply routine work. 
In order to prepare myself for my future career in the world of the media—whether it be 
working for a newspaper or a magazine, or in the sphere of radio and television—I have carefully 
selected my college course. My basic fields of study are Mass Communications and Economics. 
At the same time, having an eye to reporting events worldwide, I am taking extra classes to 
improve my English and reading widely to increase my general knowledge. 
 
（三）陈述利弊型 
2007 年 12 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The 
Digital Age. You should write at least 150 words, and you should base your 
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1.  如今数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用，比如…… 
2. 数字化产品的使用对人们工作、学习和生活带来的影响 
 
1993 年 1 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the title: 
Motorcycles and City Traffic. You should base your composition on the following 
outline (given in Chinese). 
1. 近年来中国城市的摩托车越来越多 
2. 摩托车的优点和缺点 
3. 你对我国城市中摩托车发展前景的看法 
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You must write your composition in no less than 120 words on the Composition Sheet 
and remember to write in readable handwriting. 
 
1992 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Looking 
Forward to the Twenty-First Century. Your composition should be based on your 
answer to the following questions written in Chinese: 
1. 新世纪科技发展的前景如何？ 
2. 新的科学技术会给社会带来什么好处？ 
3. 新的科学技术会带来什么问题？ 
4. 你怎样对待新世纪的挑战？ 
Your composition should be no less than 120 words. 
1．The Digital Age 
UThere is no denying the fact that we have entered a digital age, with digital products used 
increasingly widely in people’s life, work and study. Taking a look around, we can find examples 
too numerous to list. The most striking ones might beU digital cameras, digital videos and digital 
television. 
UIt goes without saying that U these products Uhave benefited us substantially.U With digital 
cameras, we can take almost as many photos as we like, as long as we have access to a computer 
to store them. Besides, we can delete those pictures we dislike without worrying about waste of 
film. Again, with digital television, we can enjoy more channels and scenes of higher quality than 
provided by conventional ones. 
UHowever, just as every coin has two sides, U these digital products Umay also exert a negative 
influence on us.U For instance, many students indulge themselves in online games and performed 
badly in their study; others plagiarize by copying articles on the Internet. 
UTherefore,U digital products Ushould be viewed as two-edged swords, which present us with 
both conveniences and troubles. But we should not give up eating for fear of choking. The best 
policy, as I see it, is to further develop these products and make a more sensible use of them. 
 
2. Motorcycles and City Traffic 
In recent years, the number of motorcycles on city roads in china has been increasing. This is 
because they are a cheap of transportation for people in a country where motor cars are expensive 
for most families. In addition, motorcycles are convenient for driving and parking on crowded city 
streets. 
However, motorcycles have disadvantages too. They pollute the atmosphere with smoke and 
noise. They are also a more dangerous from of transportation than motor cars, because the 
motorcycle is less stable and there is little protection for the driver in the case of an accident. 
It seems to me that city governments should restrict the number of motorcycles allowed on 
the roads. This would limit the pollution they cause, but at the same time help to relieve traffic 
congestion. There should be a balance between the advantages and disadvantages of the 
motorcycle as a form of city transport. 
 
3. Looking Forward to the 21st Century 
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 I am eagerly awaiting the arrival of the 21st century, because it promises exciting new 
developments in science and technology. First of all, it is likely that telecommunications will 
expand by leaps and bounds. Secondly, more progress will be made in medicine, and thirdly the 
coming century will see mankind really come to grips with environmental pollution. 
 As far as communications is concerned, e-mail and the Internet will probably become 
available all over the globe, enhancing mutual understanding and making wars less frequent. 
Advances in medicine will enable us to live longer and healthier lives, and science and technology 
will provide more tools for tackling the pollution problem. 
 However, there will be new challenges to face in the new century. Population will continue to 
grow, putting pressure on the food supply. Moreover, there is a danger that people will become too 
dependent on machines to look after them, leading to a weakening of their spiritual lives. 
 I intend to prepare myself for the 21st century by keeping abreast of the latest developments 
in science and technology. But at the same time, I will not neglect cultural pursuits. 
 
（四） 解决问题型 
有一句适用于所有解决问题型文章开头的句子： 
不容否认，食品安全问题已成为当今社会的一项重要问题。 
No one can deny the fact that…/there is no doubt that… 
      
六级模拟题及参考范文： 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Food 
Safety. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the 
outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1． 食品安全成为我们面临的一个严重问题。    
2． 产生这一问题的原因。 
3． 如何解决这一问题。 
Food Safety 
There is no denying the fact that food safety is a grave problem with which we are confronted. 
Reports are often heard upon food products of bad quality. The most notable instances might be 
the notorious San Lu milk powder, swill-cooked dirty oil and the so-called “lean meat powder”. 
Actually, the problem has become so widespread that it has severely affected people’s life and 
hindered the development of economy. 
    A number of factors account for the problem, but poor supervision and law enforcement 
might be the leading reasons. Actually, we do have such departments as the bureau of food safety 
supervision and administration and the bureau of industry and commerce in various levels of the 
government, but they are not really functioning or fulfilling their duties. 
In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. First, it is high time that pertinent laws and regulations were worked out and rigidly 
enforced to crack down on any production and circulation of substandard food products. 
Meanwhile, inactive and incompetent civil servants should be immediately purged from the team 
of food safety supervision and administration. Only with these measures taken can we expect a 
bright future of this nation.  
 
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2008 年 12 月 
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled College 
Students’ Mental Health. You should write at least 150 words following the outline 
given below. 
 1. 心理健康对于大学生很重要 
 2. 鉴于此，学校可以…… 
 3. 我们自己应该…… 
College Students’ Mental Health 
There is no denying the fact that mental health is of great importance to college students. 
Nowadays, many students in college suffer from mental illness, which severely affects their life 
and study. Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list. Reports are often 
heard that some students committed suicide or murdered their roommates. Typical examples 
include the case of Ma Jiajue and that of a girl stabbing her schoolmates. 
In view of the seriousness of the situation, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. On the one hand, due attention has to be paid by colleges to students’ mental health. First, 
lectures on psychological health should be frequently given to students to prevent problems from 
happening. Secondly, psychological clinics should be set up to provide troubled students with 
timely help. 
As to students, we should keep the channel of communication open among ourselves and 
between us and our teachers and parents. Besides, in case of mental illness, we should not hesitate 
to go to psychological counselors for help. Only with these measures taken can we expect sound 
growth of college students. 
模版的东西要灵活使用，一定要看好作文给的提纲。 
 
六级相关真题（范文见“范文示例一”） 
2010 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Due 
Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 150 
words following the outline given below: 
1． 近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象 
2． 出现这种现象的原因和后果 
3． 为了改变这种状况，我认为…… 
4．  
2008 年 12 月 
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled College 
Students’ Mental Health. You should write at least 150 words following the outline 
given below. 
 1. 心理健康对于大学生很重要 
 2. 鉴于此，学校可以…… 
 3. 我们自己应该…… 
 
2006 年 12 月（新题型） 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The 
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 31
Importance of Reading Classics. You should write at least 150 words following the 
outline given below. 
1．阅读经典书籍对人的成长至关重要 
2．现在愿意阅读经典的人却越来越少，原因是…… 
3．我们大学生应该怎么做 
 
2006 年 12 月（老题型） 
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The 
Celebration of Western Festivals. You should write at least 150 words following the 
outline given below. 
 1. 现在国内有不少人喜欢过西方的某些节日 
 2. 产生这种现象的原因 
 3. 这种现象可能带来的影响 
 
2005 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Say No to 
Pirated Products. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given 
below: 
5． 目前盗版的现象比较严重 
6． 造成这种现象的原因及其危害 
7． 我们应该怎么做 
          Useful words and expressions: 
          盗版：piracy (n.) 
          盗版产品：pirated products 
          知识产权：intellectual property rights 
          侵犯版权：infringe sb’s copyright; copyright infringement 
 
2003 年 12 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Reduce 
Waste on Campus. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given 
below: 
1． 有些大学校园浪费的现象日益严重 
2． 浪费的危害 
3． 杜绝浪费，从我做起 
 
2003 年 1 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic It 
Pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on 
the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1． 当今社会上存在着很多不诚实的现象。 
2． 诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实。 
 
2000 年 1 月 
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Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How 
I Finance My College Education. You should write at least 120 words, and base your 
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1.  上大学的费用（tuition and fees）可以通过多种途径解决。 
2.  哪种途径适合我（说明理由）。 
 
1999 年 1 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: 
Don’t Hesitate to say “No”. You should write at least 120 words and you should base 
your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1. 别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们会说“不”。 
2. 为什么有些人在该说“不”的时候不说“不”。 
3. 该说“不”时不说“不”的坏处。 
 
1998 年 1 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic My 
View on Fake Commodities. You should write at least 120 words, and base your 
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1. 假冒伪劣商品的危害 
2.  怎样杜绝假冒伪劣商品 
除此之外，我们可以进行扩展，假冒伪劣产品的生产和销售，以及社会诚信等问题。以及与
之相关的道德层面和精神层面等等，市场秩序被扰乱，生产正品的厂家受影响。 
 
1995 年 1 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the title: 
My View on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements. You should base your 
composition on the following outline (given in Chinese).　 
1. 现在有些不良的商业广告 
2. 这些广告的副作用和危害性 
3. 我对这些广告的态度 
You must write your composition in no less than 120 words on the Composition Sheet 
and remember to write in readable handwriting. 
 
1991 年 1 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about Man Is to 
Survive. You should base your composition on the following outline: 
1. 人类面临的问题（如能源、疾病、污染、人口等） 
2. 悲观的看法（如人类将无法生存） 
3. 人类的智慧出路 
Your composition should be no less than 120 words. Be sure to write your 
composition in readable handwriting. 
 
1990 年 6 月 
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Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to 
Solve the Housing Problem in Big Cities. Four suggested solutions to this problem 
are listed below. You are supposed to write in favor of one suggestion (ONE only) 
and against another (ONE only). You should give your reasons in both cases. You 
should write no less than 120 words. Remember to give a short introduction and a 
brief conclusion. Write your composition clearly. 
四种可能解决住房问题的方案： 
1. 多造高层建筑 
2. 向地下发展 
3. 建造卫星城市 
4. 疏散城市人口 
 
1990 年 1 月 
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to 
Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic according to the following OUTLINE. Your 
composition should be no less than 120 words. Remember that the contents of the 
OUTLINE should ALL be included in your composition. But you are not supposed to 
translate the OUTLINE word for word. 
OUTLINE 
问题：城市交通拥挤 
解决方案（solution） 
1.  建造(lay down)更多道路 
优点：(1) 降低街道拥挤程度 
(2) 加速车流（flow of traffic） 
缺点：占地过多 
2. 开辟（open up）更多公共汽车线路 
优点：减少自行车与小汽车 
缺点：对部分人可能造成不方便 
结论：两者结合 
 
 
范文示例一： 
1. Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese 
No one can have failed to notice the fact that a number of students pay little attention to the 
study of Chinese nowadays. Taking a look around, one can find examples too many to enumerate: 
some play truant from Chinese classes some read few Chinese classics and some rarely write 
articles in Chinese. 
A number of factors can account for such phenomenon, but the following might be the 
critical ones. For one thing, the craze for learning English affect, to some degree, students’ passion 
for the study of their native language. For another, the increasing emphasis on some so-called 
“practical subjects” closely related to job hunting also cut into students’ time and energy spent on 
the study of Chinese.  
The problem mentioned above is bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
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blind eye to it. First, students’ weakness in Chinese would lead to their ignorance of Chinese 
culture. Secondly, their problems with Chinese would also hamper their study of other subjects.  
In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. In the first place, it is essential that the school attach more importance to the teaching of 
Chinese. In the second place, students should enhance their awareness of the importance of 
mastering their mother tongue. Only with these measures taken can we expect the all-sided 
development of students.  
2. College Students’ Mental Health 
There is no denying the fact that mental health is of great importance to college students. 
Nowadays, many students in college suffer from mental illness, which severely affects their life 
and study. Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list. Reports are often 
heard that some students committed suicide or murdered their roommates. Typical examples 
include the case of Ma Jiajue and that of a girl stabbing her schoolmates. 
In view of the seriousness of the situation, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. On the one hand, due attention has to be paid by colleges to students’ mental health. First, 
lectures on psychological health should be frequently given to students to prevent problems from 
happening. Secondly, psychological clinics should be set up to provide troubled students with 
timely help. 
As to students, we should keep the channel of communication open among ourselves and 
between us and our teachers and parents. Besides, in case of mental illness, we should not hesitate 
to go to psychological counselors for help. Only with these measures taken can we expect sound 
growth of college students. 
3．The Importance of Reading Classics 
Reading classics plays a vital role in a person's growth. By reading classic works, either 
Chinese or foreign, one can learn a great deal about history, geography, politics, wars and customs. 
Besides, as these classics are the outstanding representatives of human language, reading them can 
enormously improve our ability to read and write and to inherit cultural traditions.  
However, a diminishing number of people would like to read classics now. A variety of 
factors may have contributed to this phenomenon, but the following are the critical ones. In the 
first place, as the pace of life and work quickens, people can find little time to indulge themselves 
in thick and serious works. They would rather read light and easy magazines or surf the Internet 
and do online reading. In the second place, most classics depict things far away from our real life, 
which makes reading them seem irrelevant.  
As college students, we should shoulder the burden of inheriting and developing cultural 
heritage. Therefore, it is essential that we should make plans to read classics regularly. Besides, 
we should try to influence people around us into reading them.  
4．The Celebration of Western Festivals 
No one can have failed to notice the fact that an increasing number of Chinese are fond of 
celebrating some Western festivals today. For instance, on Valentine’s Day, many people give 
flowers or chocolate to the one they love. Another case in point is Christmas. It seems that people 
around the country now love to celebrate the festival.  
A number of factors account for the phenomenon mentioned above, but the following might 
be the critical ones. In the first place, due to the policy of reform and opening-up, Chinese people 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
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tend to know more about Western culture and be influenced by it. Secondly, some businessmen 
wish to make money by encouraging people to celebrate those Western festivals. Last but not least, 
as traditional Chinese festival lose their attraction; many people tend to find joy in Western 
festivals.  
Though we need not criticize people celebrating Western festivals, nor can we stop them, we 
have to beware of the danger behind it. While enjoying the atmosphere brought by those Western 
customs, we might well lose our own tradition and identity.  
5. Say No to Pirated Products 
There is no denying the fact that piracy is a grave problem with which we are confronted. 
Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list. In many places we see people 
peddling pirated books or disks.  
    UA number of factors could account for the problem, but the following might be the most 
critical ones.U First, pirated products are much cheaper than copyrighted ones, so they are very 
attractive to people, especially youngsters, who are not financially well-off. Secondly, with highly 
developed technology, it is not difficult to manufacture pirated products. With one authorized copy, 
the illegal producers can make thousands of fake ones at a very low cost, thus making huge 
profits.  
As a result, intellectual property rights are severely infringed upon. Honest producers will 
lose the motivation to develop new products. Meanwhile, pirated products are often of low quality, 
thus damaging the interest of buyers.  
In view of the seriousness of the problem, it is essential that laws and regulations be 
formulated and enforced to ban the manufacture and circulation of pirated products. Meanwhile, 
people should be educated to say no to these products. With these measures taken, we have 
reasons to believe that the problem can be solved in the near future.   
6．Reduce Waste on Campus 
(a) 
Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that wasting has become a grave problem in 
many campuses. In the dining hall, much food are left in the plates and dumped into the trash can. 
In the classroom, blank or half blank pieces of paper are left on the desks. In the dorm building, 
taps are left open and water left running or dripping all the time. And there can be more such 
examples.  
In view of the expanding population and the shortage of various resources, wasting is really a 
harmful habit. It put strains on the already short supply of food, water, electricity and the like. 
Besides, it goes against traditional virtue of hard work and simple living and may leads to a 
luxurious life style, which is dangerous to the souls of mankind.  
    UTherefore, it is high time that we took steps toU stop wasting. UWe should start from trifles 
around ourselves:U remember to turn off the tap when we finish washing; try to order the exact 
amount of food we can consume; never throw away any blank or half blank pieces of paper. And 
always remember, a penny saved is a penny earned.  
(b) 
Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that wasting has been a grave problem with 
which we are confronted. Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list: in the 
dining hall, much food is left in plates and dumped into the trash can; in the classroom, blank 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
 36
pieces of paper are left on the desks; in the dorm building, taps are left open and water left running 
all the time.  
Wasting is bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a blind eye to it. First 
and foremost, it put strains on the already short supply of food, water, electricity and the like. 
Besides, it goes against traditional virtue of hard work and simple living and may lead to a 
luxurious life style, which is dangerous to the souls of mankind.  
In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. First, it is essential that regulations be worked out and enforced to ban wasting. Secondly, 
students should enhance their awareness of saving resources. With proper laws and an alert public, 
it will only be a matter of time for wasting to become a thing of the past.  
7. It Pays to Be Honest 
Although honesty is believed to be a virtue, there are still dishonest people in our society. For 
example, some businessmen sell fake product to their consumers; some students cheat in the 
exams. 
Dishonest people are short-sighted. Those who sell fake products may make money at first, 
but consumers won't buy their products any more. As a result, they will lose their fortune or even 
be sent to prison. By contrast, honest people gain a lot. Those who always tell truth or keep to 
their promise not only let others trust them but gain respect from other people as well. Such 
persons are sure to have a lot of good friends. Because they are trustable and respectable, everyone 
is eager to make friends with them. Besides, it is easier for a person with a good record to get a 
good job. Generally speaking, every employer wants his employees to be honest. So we can say 
that anyone who is honest will be paid back later.　 
    In a word, honesty wins trust, respect and honor. So it is important that we should be 
honest.　 
8. How I Finance My College Education 
(a) 
Nowadays, if we want to go to college, we will have to pay a big sum of money. It's a 
problem to many students.  Many ways can contribute to solve this serious problem. But the 
following ones may be the most effective. First, you can ask your parents for help if they have 
nice careers. Another way to solve this problem is to apply for a bank loan. Finally, we can find a 
part time job to get enough money.　 
    As to me, I'm in favor of the second idea. My reasons of choice can be listed as follows. First 
of all, my parents are not rich enough to afford me. Secondly, you'll not have enough time and 
energy to study after finishing the part time job. Finally, I'm sure that I'll get a nice job after 
graduation. Then I'll be able to pay back the loan.  
    Through the analysis above, I believe that bank loan is my best choice. 
(b) 
Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that college tuition and fees are a grave problem 
with which many families and students are confronted in China. Taking a look around, we can find 
many excellent students are denied the chance to go to college due to lack of money.  
In view of the seriousness of the situation, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. Actually, the problem can be dealt with in many ways. First, you can ask your parents for 
help if they have nice careers. Another way to solve this problem is to apply for a bank loan. 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
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Finally, we can find a part time job to get enough money.　 
    As to me, I'm in favor of the second idea. My reasons of choice can be listed as follows. First 
of all, my parents are not rich enough to afford me. Secondly, you'll not have enough time and 
energy to study after finishing the part time job. Finally, I'm sure that I'll get a nice job after 
graduation. Then I'll be able to pay back the loan. Through the analysis above, I believe that bank 
loan is my best choice. 
9. Don't Hesitate to Say No  
As a general rule, people like to help others, but there are occasions when you should say no 
to requests for favors. For instance, it is better to refuse when a child pesters you for sweet food 
and drinks or for too many toys. Another example is when a relative asks you to use your 
influence to get him or her a bank loan or a work promotion. 
However, we cannot ignore the fact that many people are reluctant to say no. They feel that if 
they turn down a request from a relative or friend, they will cause ill-feeling within the family or 
become unpopular with their acquaintances. A notable case in point is when the boss asks them to 
do something which they feel is unreasonable. 
It is important to keep in mind that not saying no when you should say no can sometimes 
have harmful consequences. If children are given everything they ask for, not only may their 
health be damaged, but they may grow up selfish and spoilt. Again, in the long run it is kinder to 
refuse to lend money to a person who has a gambling or alcoholism problem. 
10. My View on Fake Commodities 
UNobody could have failed to notice the fact thatU fake commodities Uhave been a grave problem 
with which we are confronted.U Fake and shoddy goods flood the market. UTaking a look around, we 
can find examples too numerous to list:U pirated editions of books and films, food and drinks of 
poor quality and the like.  
Fake and shoddy goods Uare bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a blind 
eye to them.U UFirst and foremost,U they directly infringe upon consumers’ rights, wasting their 
money and threatening their health and even lives. UBesides,U the production and sale of fake goods 
cause serious losses on the part of honest and lawful producers. ULast but not least,U the destruction 
of fake commodities means a grievous waste of the nation’s resources.  
UIn view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. First, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to banU the 
manufacture and circulation of fake and shoddy goods. USecondly, the public should enhance their 
awareness of Uidentifying and refusing sub-standard commodities. UWith proper laws and an alert 
public, it will only be a matter of time forU fake and shoddy goods Uto become things of the past.U / 
UWith these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that the problem will be solved in the 
near future.U  
分类思维法： 
物质 material / physical 精神 spiritual / mental 
个人 individual 社会 social 
时间 time / chronological 空间 space / spatial 
主观 subjective 客观 objective 
主体 subject 客体 object 
生产 production 消费 consumption 
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供给 supplies 需求 demands 
天灾 natural 人祸 man-made / artificial 
国内 domestic 国外 foreign 
开源 explore / seek 节流 economize / save 
政府 government/authorities 民众 public / masses 
经济 政治 文化 工作 学习 生活 时间 金钱 精力 
这些相对的词汇在分析一个事件的问题时经常使用。 
画线的部分算是模版。 
11. My View on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements  
There is no denying the fact that many commercial advertisements carry undesirable 
messages. They advertise luxury goods, unhealthy foodstuffs and drinks, and sometimes even 
dangerous or environmentally harmful products such as motor cars. In addition, they may 
advertise spiritually harmful publications or entertainment. 
Such advertisements are bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a blind 
eye to them. First, they encourage people to waste money and resources. Moreover, they set a bad 
example to youngsters, arousing in them the desire for luxuries instead of teaching them the good 
habit of leading a simple life-style. 
In view of the seriousness of the situation, effective measures should be taken before things 
get worse. For one thing, proper laws and regulations should be worked out and enforced to ban 
these ads. For another, the public should be educated to identify these ads and refuse to buy the 
products recommended by them. With these measures taken, it will be a matter of time before 
these ads to become things of the past. 
12. Man Is to Survive  
 The human race is facing problems which are getting more acute as time goes on. The most 
serious are shortages of resources, environmental pollution, and the pressure of population growth. 
In turn, these problems cause poverty, disease and wars. 
 Pessimists say that the human race is facing extinction. This is because it is now too late to 
solve these problems, according to them. They predict that resources will become exhausted 
sooner or later, that pollution will eventually poison the planet, and that unchecked population 
growth will cause mass starvation. 
 But I do not agree that mankind is doomed. In the past, the human race has always shown 
that it has the wisdom to overcome any threat to its survival. In the future, too, mankind will 
survive by using its wisdom to find a way out of its problems. 
13. How to Solve the Housing Problem in Big Cities  
 The shortage of housing in big cities is one of the most serious problems of modern living. 
Increasing numbers of people are finding it difficult to conduct normal family and work duties 
because they either have nowhere to live or their houses are inadequate. This is a problem that 
requires an urgent solution because it leads to social unrest and economic inefficiency. 
 Some people suggest that the solution to the problem is to build more high-rise apartments, 
others are in favor of underground housing areas. I prefer the first idea, because it is cheaper to 
build above ground than below. Besides, people prefer to live in the open air and see the sunshine. 
The second idea is not practical. One reason for this is that it is dangerous to construct living 
places under streets and buildings. Another reason is that it would take too much time to carry out, 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
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and in the meantime the number of people waiting for houses would increase, thus making the 
problem worse. 
14. How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic  
Nowadays, China’s cities are getting increasingly crowded. The rapid increase in population 
is being made worse by the steady influx of people from the rural areas seeking employment. As a 
result, heavy traffic is a big headache, with all the roads packed with cars, bicycles and 
pedestrians.  
In my opinion, there are two ways to solve the problem. One is to build more and wider roads 
to make the public highways less crowded and speed up the flow of traffic. The other is to expand 
the number of public bus routes, so that more people can be transported and fewer people will 
have to travel by car or bicycle.  
However, each of these solutions brings problems with it. The former may occupy too much 
land that could be used for farms or houses; the latter may cause inconvenience for long periods in 
bus lines. I think the best answer to the problem of heavy traffic is a combination of the two: build 
more roads in places where land is less useful, and at the same time increase the number of public 
bus routes.  
 
 
 
（五）谚语警句型 
这类题型一般不会考。下面我们看一下这篇文章，了解一下这类提醒怎么写 
1997 年 1 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Haste 
Makes Waste. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your 
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below. 
1. 为什么“欲速则不达”？ 
2. 举例说明。 
分为三个步骤： 
第一，解释含义； 
第二，举例说明； 
第三，总结建议。 
解释含义就是从字面上解释一下。我们写一段怎么着也要写两到三句。 
第二段一定要举例子，例子一定要贴切。 
Haste Makes Waste 
UA famous saying goesU “Haste makes waste”, Uwhich means thatU one should do everything step 
by step. Even simple operations can easily be spoiled if we rush to complete them, neglecting 
important stages in the process. One should make full preparations before beginning any task. 
UTaking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list. The best illustration might 
beU English study. Without a good command（master） of pronunciation, we can never hope to 
speak in an understandable way. Similarly（同样道理）, if we do not learn to spell properly and to 
acquire a basic grasp of grammar, we will never succeed in writing good compositions. 
(或 UActually, history abounds with examples of haste making waste. U A well-known Chinese 
fable goes that a farmer tried to help the shoots grow by pulling them upward, only to find that 
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they died soon. UAnother case in point isU the so-called Great Leap Forward movement in China in 
1950’s and 1960’s. At that time, the Chinese people were so eager to develop their economy that 
they took some improper measures, only to hinder the expansion of economy.) 
(或 UHere I can think of no better illustration of the proverb than the experience of my own.U At 
the age of 11 or 12, I began to learn to ride. Eager to ride as well as others, I started by sitting on 
the saddle at the very beginning. Predictably, I often fell from over the bike. Lots of time had been 
wasted before I realized that I should do it step by step. I tried to slide by standing on one pedal. 
Then I began to ride the bike from under the cross bar. Finally, I succeeded. ) 
UIn short,U laying a solid foundation Uis essential if we want to make achievements in our studies 
or work, or indeed in any other aspect of our lives.U At every step, review what has been achieved 
and assess the problems ahead before moving to the next step. And remember, Rome was not built 
in a day. 
 
模拟题及范文： 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Where 
There Is a Will, There Is a Way. You should write at least 150 words, and you should base your 
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1. 为什么“有志者，事竟成”？。 
2. 举例说明。 
Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way 
A well-known proverb goes that “where there is a will, there is a way”, which means that 
one can find a way to success as long as he or she has a strong will. With a strong will, one can 
focus all his energy on one point, which makes his success possible. Without a strong will, 
however, one can be easily distracted from his goal or discouraged by setbacks, which leads to his 
ultimate failure.  
History abounds with examples of strong-willed figures winning success. Actually, there is 
no better illustration of the proverb than the deeds of Gou Jian, king of Yue in ancient China. 
Defeated by Fu Chai, king of Wu, Gou tried every means possible to steel his will. Eventually, 
with the help of Fan Li and Xi Shi, he managed to rebuild his country and his armies and had Fu 
Chai taste the bitterness of failure.  
In short, a strong will is essential if we want to make achievements in our studies or work, or 
indeed in any other aspect of our lives. One should lose no chance to strength his will and 
remember, God helps those who help themselves. 
 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Practice 
Makes Perfect. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your composition on the 
outline given below: 
1. 为什么说“熟能生巧” 
2. 例如…… 
3．又例如 
Practice Makes Perfect  
A well-known proverb goes “Practice makes perfect”, which means that perfection lies in 
practice. Without practice, you can never expect to be really good at anything. On the contrary, the 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
 41
more you practice, the more likely you are to do things in a perfect way. 
Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list. The study of English is a 
case in point. If you wish to improve your pronunciation, you must practice pronouncing every 
English syllable again and again. Likewise, if you want to write an excellent composition, you 
have to sit down and write. 
Another example is Deng Yapping, the world No. 1 woman Ping-pong player. This short girl, 
who does not seem to be cut out for sports, owes her success to painstaking and perseverant 
practice.  
In short, practice is essential if we want to make achievements in our studies or work, or 
indeed in any other aspect of our life. Practice, to some degree, can make the difference between 
being merely good at something and becoming a champion. 
 
 
（六）图表图画型 
1991 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the graph 
below. 
22
25
32
30
27 26
33
39
34
30
19
16
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
Months in 1990
N
um
be
r 
of
 C
ar
 A
cc
id
en
ts
 
The suggested title is: Car Accidents Declining in Walton City. Remember that your 
composition must be written according to the following outline: 
1. Rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph; 
2. Possible reason(s) for the decline of car accidents in the city; 
3. Your predictions of what will happen this year. 
Your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as 
possible. 
图表作文第一段不要大量机械的罗列数字，要指出上升下降的趋势和比例。 
Car Accidents Declining in Walton City 
It can be seen from the graph that the rate of car accidents in Walton City experienced rises 
and falls in 1990. From January to March last year it increased by 45%. From March to June it 
dropped by about half the previous rate. From June to August there was a steep rise of 50%. After 
that, however, there was a steady decrease. 
UThere are several reasons for this improvement,U but the following are the most critical ones. 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
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First, new traffic regulations have made drivers more careful. Second, more people are using 
bicycles for transportation. Finally, in the later part of the year good weather made the roads safer 
to drive on. 
I am confident that there will be even fewer car accidents in Walton in the future. First, major 
roads have been repaired and the number of public buses has been increased in the past few 
months. Moreover, a traffic safety campaign has made all the local people more aware of the 
dangers of unsafe driving. 
 
2003 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic 
Changes in the Ownership of Houses in China. You should write at least 150 words 
and you should base your composition on the graph and outline below.　 
 
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
1950’s 1970’s 1990’s
state-owned
private
 
        1. Describe the changes as indicated by the graph 
    2. Give possible reasons for the changes 
Changes in the Ownership of Houses in China 
 UIt can be seen from the chart that there have been dramatic changes inU the ownership of 
houses in China in the past 50 years. While the percentage of state-owned houses has UdroppedU 
from 70% in 1950’s to 20% in 1990’s, that of private houses has UsoaredU from 30% to 80% during 
the same period of time. 
 UA number of factors could account for the change in the chart, but the following are the most 
critical ones. First, thanks to the policy of reform and opening-up, the nation’s economy has been 
developing at a considerably high speed in the past decades. Therefore, people have more extra 
money toU improve their housing. USecondly, other relevant state policies and the boom of Ureal estate 
Uindustry provide citizens with more opportunities toU choose their own dwelling places. ULast but 
not least, people have attached greater importance to their quality of life. Thus more of them haveU 
purchased houses in their own favor. 
 UIn a word, this chart is a perfect index of China’s fast expanding economy and people’s rising 
standard of living. Although a series of problems have arisen in the process, it is reasonable for us 
to believe that they can be solved in the near future with effective measures taken by both the 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
 43
government and the public. 
基本思路就是先来个合理铺垫，铺垫之后合理思维，客观的、主观的。有需求有供应。 
 
2006 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Traveling 
Abroad. You should write at least 150 words based on the chart and the outline given 
below: 
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
1995 2000 2005
 
Number of people in City X traveling abroad in 1995, 2000 and 2005 
 
1. 近十年来 X 市有越来越多的人选择出境旅游 
2. 出现这一现象的原因 
3．这种现象可能产生的影响 
Traveling Abroad 
It can be seen from the chart that there have been sharp increases in the number of people 
traveling abroad in City X in the past decade. As the chart shows, the year 1995 witnessed only 
about 10,000 people from this city touring abroad. In 2000, the number soared to nearly 40,000. 
Last year, more than 120,000 people in the city chose to spend their vacations outside China.  
A number of factors account for the change in the chart, but the following are the most 
critical ones. First, thanks to the policy of reform and opening-up, the nation’s economy has been 
developing at a considerably high speed in the past decades. Therefore, the people have more extra 
money for traveling. Secondly, other relevant state policies and the boom of touring industry 
provide citizens with more opportunities to go out and see the world. Last but not least, people 
have attached greater importance to the quality of life, thus they spend more money and time 
traveling and sight-seeing.  
In a word, this chart is a perfect indicator of China’s fast expanding economy and people’s 
rising standard of life. The trend of traveling abroad will further stimulate the development of our 
economy and broaden people’s horizons.  
 
模拟题及范文： 
Directions: In this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 
words on The Increase in the Number of Students Attending Graduate Entrance 
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Exams. Study the following chart carefully and base your composition on the outline 
given below. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1. Describe the changes in the number of students attending graduate entrance exams 
in University X in the past decade. 
2. Give possible reasons for the changes. 
3. State your own choice. 
范文不一定使用模版写的，记住并不是所有的文章都要用模版。 
The Increase in the Number of Students Attending Graduate Entrance Exams 
It can be seen from the chart that there have been sharp increases in the number of students 
attending graduate entrance exams in University X in the past decade. As the chart shows, the year 
1998 witnessed only 2,900 students taking part in the exams. In 2004, the number soared to nearly 
four thousand. In 2010, far more people prepared themselves for graduate study.  
A number of factors could account for the change in the chart, but the following might be the 
critical ones. First, due to the spreading financial crisis and economic recession in the past years, 
the number of job vacancies has been on a sharp decline. Secondly, as a result of expanded 
enrollments in many colleges and universities, the number of graduates has rocketed in China, 
which adds to the fierceness of competition in the job market. Last but not least, relevant state 
policies and the boom of higher education provide students with more opportunities to go after 
higher degrees.  
Personally, I would not pursue graduate study right upon graduation from college. The main 
reason is that I have not made up my mind on the field to major in. But I really deem it necessary 
for me to secure a master degree. So I would set my goal while I am working.  
 
2003 年 9 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Reading 
Preferences. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 
Reading preferences of students in an American university in 2002 
某大学参加考研的学生人数
2,900
3,950
6,100
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
1998 2004 2010
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
 45
 
Categories of books Percentage of book circulation in the library 
Popular Fiction 65.9% 
General Nonfiction 18.2% 
Science/Technology/Education 10.8% 
Art/Literature/Poetry 5.1% 
1． 根据上表，简要叙述美国某大学学生借阅图书的分布情况； 
2． 你对于这些学生阅读偏爱的评论 
3． 你通常喜欢阅读哪一类书籍？说明理由。 
Reading Preferences 
It can be seen from the table that popular fiction is most popular with American students, 
accounting for 65.9% of book circulation in the library. General nonfiction comes next, making up 
18.2%, while books concerning science, technology and education compose only 10.8%. The least 
preferred category is that of art, literature and poetry, with a circulation rate of merely 5.1%. 
A number of factors could account for the reading preferences, but the following are the most 
critical ones. Firstly, popular fiction is fascinating to the young students. Secondly, books about 
science and technology are usually too complex and difficult to read. They often contain many 
special terms which most students can’t understand. Finally, in today’s market economy, much 
more emphasis is laid on practical and vocational books rather than arts or poetry.  
When it comes to me, poetry and art are my favorites. Such kind of books can nourish my mind, 
broaden my horizons and render me a fresh feeling. Reading a piece of good poetry tends to 
relieve my burden and lessen my tension, making me more creative and dynamic. It gets me into 
an imaginary world, fresh and beautiful. I just love it! 
图表题型总结： 
第一：描述数据；第二：说明原因；第三：总结、建议、展望。 
 
1992 年 1 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the 
following graph which shows the change in the number of film-goers and TV-watchers in a certain 
city. The title of the composition is: Film Is Giving Way to TV. You should write no less than 120 
words for your composition and it must include the following ideas (given in Chinese): 
 
 
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1. 电影观众越来越少 
2. 电视观众越来越多，因为…… 
3. 然而，还是有人喜欢看电影,因为…… 
Quote as few figures as possible. Remember to write your composition in readable 
handwriting. 
Film Is Giving Way to TV 
(a) 
UThe latest statistics show thatU the number of people attending cinemas is getting steadily 
smaller. At the same time, the number of television viewers is growing at almost the same rate. 
Experts say that these two trends are connected in three ways. First, over the past few 
decades television sets have appeared in almost every home. Second, films very quickly become 
available on video, and can be shown on the TV screen. Third, it is becoming more expensive to 
make films, and so the prices of cinema seats are rising.  
However, this does not mean the death of the movie industry. There will always be people 
who prefer to go out to see a film. This is because no matter how good a TV film or video is, it can 
never be as entertaining as a film shown on the “big screen.” 
 (b) 
Film is giving way to TV. UAccording to an investigation made on U the number of film-goers 
and TV-watchers in a ten-year period (1975-1985), at the end of 1985, the number of film-goers 
declined sharply to about 15 thousand which accounts for only some 20 percent of what in 1975, 
the heyday of films. This decline, no doubt, owes to the steadily increasing number of 
TV-watchers in the same decade. 
UThis, I think, indicatesU the changing pace in our society. Nowadays, people prefer TV to film 
largely because they have less chance than their older generation to spend two or three hours in a 
cinema; they prefer a kind of entertainment which is freer, less time-consuming and thus more 
efficient. TV just meets their need. This is at least partly if not wholly the reason that attributes to 
the boom of TV in our generation. 
Nevertheless, there are still a number of film-fans nowadays. They claim that as a classical 
art, film is far more enjoyable than TV. Some of them also want to recall the “true-life” which 
existed in the “good-past”. All in all, film is still a charming kind of art as it used to be. 
 
 
（七）应用文写作： 
应用文写作就是格式的东西，大多都是书信的格式，它也只是一个噱头而已。 
除了书信还包括广告等。 
书信分类：私人书信； 公务书信。 
两者的区别： 
私人书信 可用非正式的语言，即小词、短句，甚至口语词。开头可以采用 how are you? 
公务书信(以及官方通知)多用正式语言，即大词、长句、被动语态 
 
私人书信： 
2001 年 6 月 
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Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Zhang 
Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you 
during a weeklong holiday. You should write at least 120 words according to the 
suggestions given below in Chinese. 
1. 表示欢迎 
2. 提出对度假安排的建议 
3. 提醒应注意的事项 
Dear Xiao Wang,            
I’m thrilled to receive your letter on May 10th, in which you suggested our spending a week 
together here in Beijing. I do think it’s a fantastic idea and I believe we’ll have a good time 
together. 
As to the arrangement of the holiday, I suggest the following activities. For the first three 
days I will show you around our campus and some places of interest downtown Beijing, such as 
the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven and the Summer Palace. For the following two days, we 
will visit the Great Wall, the Ming Tombs and other historic sites around the city. In the last two 
days, we will be back in the city and tour some famous business streets, where you can do some 
shopping. What do you say? 
    It will be quite hot here in Beijing, so remember to get prepared for the weather. And, last but 
not least, don’t forget to bring your camera with you, for you will find so many scenes worth 
photographing here. I will be longing for your arrival.  
UBest wishesU.   
UYours truly,  
Zhang Ying 
公务书信：给校长写信，反应学校食堂的情况 
 
2002 年 1 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic A 
Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus. You should write at 
least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below: 
假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、
环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。 
A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus 
January 12th, 2002 
UDearU Mr. President, 
UI amU a sophomore from Department 3 Uand I am writing to you about U the food and service in 
the canteen on campus. 
To be frank, I am rather disappointed at the food quality, price and service in the canteen. 
First, the dishes are scarcely well cooked and most of them taste the same.  Secondly, most of the 
dishes there are priced so high that some students cannot even afford them. Thirdly, the service in 
the canteen is far from satisfying and the inside of the canteen always seem untidy. 
To solve the problem, I suggest that another canteen be built and a mechanism of competition 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
 48
be introduced between the old and the new. Besides, both the canteens should be subject to the 
students' supervision. 
Dining is an everyday issue for students. It may affect their academic performance. Therefore, 
UI sincerely hope this letter can draw your attention to the matter and I hope the problems 
mentioned above can be solved as soon as possible. 
    UBest regards. 
UYours sincerely 
Li Ming 
书信写作步骤：1、简要说明事由；2、说明具体理由；3、再次申明目的。 
看一下几道重要的模拟题： 
 
1．求职信 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter of application for a job You 
should write at least 150 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in 
Chinese) below: 
假定你是李明，是北京外国语大学(Beijing Foreign Studies University)一名英语专业的学生。
你在 China Daily 上看到一则招聘广告：Microsoft China 要招聘口译员。你认为自己符合条
件，请写一封申请信。 
A Letter of Application for a Job 
June 18th, 2011 
Dear Sir/Madam, 
I am responding to your advertisement in China Daily on June 10th, 2011, which invites 
applications for interpreters. Enclosed with this letter is my resume which details my background. 
I believe that I am the best candidate for this position. In the first place, I have been studying 
for four years in Beijing Foreign Studies University, one of the most prestigious language schools 
in China, which has provided me with a desirable command of English skills. In the second place, 
I have taken part in a number of social activities in the past years, which have helped cultivate my 
team-spirit and creativity. Besides, I have attended training courses for interpretation and have 
obtained related certificates. Last but not least, I have worked as a part-time interpreter, so I am 
well prepared for this job. 
I would treasure the chance and exert every effort to do a good job if I had the luck to be 
provided with the position. Besides, I shall be much obliged if you will afford me an opportunity 
for an interview, and I appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience. 
Thank you for considering this application.　 
    Best regards. 
Yours sincerely， 
Li Ming 
 
2．投诉信 
Directions: Write a letter of complaint according to the following situation: You bought an air 
conditioner in Sun Appliance and had it installed the other day, but you found that the 
fan made too much noise when the machine operated. You demand the store to send a 
representative to check it up.  
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
 49
Write your letter in no less than 150 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of 
the letter; use Li Ming instead. You do not need to write the address.   
 
June 18th, 2011 
Dear Sir or Madam, 
UI’m writing to lodge the complaint about Uthe poor quality of an air conditioner that I 
purchased from Sun Appliance Company.  
UFrankly speaking, USun Appliance Uhas always been my favorite. UOn May 4, 2011, I bought the 
air conditioner (serial number 12345) from one of your chain stores located in Lang Fang. UThe 
UmachineU operated well at first, but ten days later, there was a fault that bothered me, that is, Uthe fan 
made so much noise that I could not sleep well at night. UWorse still, U the cooling system didn’t 
work well and the machine began to leak recently. UIts poor quality ruined almost all my previous 
impression toward your products.U  
UI strongly suggest that a repairman should be sent to my home without delay. I wonder if you 
could find out the exact cause of the problem as soon as possible. If you can’t, I am afraid that I 
will request for full amount of refund or a new Uair conditioner.  
UI would appreciate all your assistance in this matter. If you have any questions, please don’t 
hesitate to contact me. Look forward to your reply.  
                                               Yours sincerely, 
                                       Li Ming 
 
3．邀请信 
Directions: Suppose you are the dean of the History Department, Peking University. You want to 
invite Professor Herb Jason, a well-known scholar of Chinese history, to come to 
attend an international conference on Chinese history. You’ll cover the following 
points: 
1) The purpose of the invitation 
2) he time and place of the conference 
3) Ask him a favor of presenting a lecture to your students during his stay 
Write your letter in no less than 150 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the 
letter; use Li Ming instead. You do not need to write the address. 
June 18th, 2011 
Dear Professor Herb Jason, 
UI amU Li Ming, dean of the History Department, Peking University. UI am writing to invite you 
toU participate in an international convention Uthat is to be held in Beijing from 22th to 25th, July, 
2011.U  
USince your visit in Beijing last year, all the teachers that attended your lecture have been 
deeply impressed with your thorough knowledge and profound understanding of the subject. We 
would be pleased if you could come,U Uas our guest of honor, to Uthe International Conference on 
Chinese History, U If possible,U Uwould you pleaseU deliver a speech on whatever subject that interests 
you. UEnclosed in this letter is a time schedule for the event. You would, of course, receive our 
standard payment to cover traveling and other expenses.U When you arrive in Beijing, I will 
certainly meet you at the airport. 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
 50
UPlease let me know your date of arrival if you can come and tell us when you can make the 
trip. If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to contact me. Look forward to your reply. 
 
                                 Yours sincerely,     
                                                      Li Ming 
                                                   
4．感谢信 
Directions: Write a letter of thanks according to the following situation. Once you were ill and 
were hospitalized for a few weeks in the Chaoyang Medical Center, Taiyuan, Shanxi 
Province. During your stay the entire staff were kind to you. When you came back 
home, you wrote them a letter of thanks. 
Write your letter in no less than 150 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of 
the letter; use Li Ming instead. You do not need to write the address. 
June 18th, 2011 
Dear Sir/Madam, 
UI’m writing to extend my heartfelt thanks toU all the nurses and doctors in your hospital.  
Last month, while I was on a business trip in Taiyuan, Shanxi province, I suffered from a bad 
cold and a fever, so I was sent to Ward Rom 201, Chaoyang Medical Center. During my stay at 
hospital, nurses on duty patiently took my temperature, regularly examined my body, and often fed 
meals to me. In addition, doctors prescribed me the most effective drugs and gave the best medical 
advice. UThanks to the Uconstant care from the hospital staff, I recovered quickly.U Now that I have 
returned home, Uthe excellent service of your hospitalU still impresses me.U I believe that as patient, I 
have received the most professional treatment and the most considerate care.  
UPlease allow me to convey my sincere greetings towardU the doctors and nurses that contribute 
all their efforts, patience and energy to their patients.U Nothing can express my gratitude except my 
best wishes to them. If you have anything that needs my help, please don’t hesitate to contact me. 
                                                   Yours sincerely, 
                                                   Li Ming  
书信落款： 
公务书信：Yours truly/respectfully, 
私人书信：一般朋友或同学之间 Yours cordially/faithfully, 
男女朋友或亲人之间 Yours lovingly/affectionately, Love / With love 
书信称呼： 
对对方一无所知时 To Whom It May Concern, 
不知道姓名或不便直呼其名但知道职位时：Dear Mr. + 职位；Dear Ms. + 职位；Dear Mr. / Ms. 
+ 职位  
 
2005 年 12 月（这是一篇公开信） 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter to a company declining a 
job offer. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 
1. 对公司提供职位表示感谢 
2. 解释为何不能接受所提供的职位 
3. 希望予以谅解，并表示对公司的良好祝愿 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
 51
A Letter Declining a Job Offer 
                                                    December 24, 2005 
Dear Sir or Madam: 
I am responding to your job offer on December 20, 2005. I was informed that I would be 
offered the position as an interpreter for your company. I cordially appreciate your trust and I am 
much obliged to you for providing me with this valuable opportunity.  
However, I have to tell you that I cannot accept it. The major reason is that I don’t think I am 
the most appropriate candidate for this post. As a non-English major, though my written and 
spoken English are outstanding than most of my peers, I am not well trained in translation, not to 
mention interpretation, which, I believe is highly demanding. Maybe my performance in the oral 
examination has misled you. Actually, I am more interested and more competent in my own major, 
that is, program designing. Last but not least, I happened to have been offered such a position with 
another company.  
Nonetheless, I, again, want to express my sincere gratefulness and I earnestly apologize for 
any inconvenience hereby caused. Finally, I hope you can find the ideal candidate as soon as 
possible.  
Best regards. 
                                                           Yours 
sincerely，  
                                                             Li Ming 
真题的类别就这么多，但是模拟题又多列举了一些： 
模拟题：出现了一些图画题，这些都是考研题 
 
1、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition about “ Against a 
Robbery” based on the following picture. You are given the first sentence in English 
and are required to develop it into a full composition in no less than 150 words, not 
including the words given. 
1. On yesterday afternoon, Mrs. Luo left home to go shopping. 
2. In the flat opposite, a woman heard the noise outside. 
3. The two criminals were arrested. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
 52
 
 
 
Against a Robbery 
Yesterday afternoon，Mrs. Luo left home for shopping. Halfway down the stairs, she found 
her way blocked by two men armed with knives. They threatened her, saying that they would stab 
her if she made any noise. Then, they forced her to take them to her flat and open the door. It 
seemed that Mrs. Luo was be in a big trouble and was bound to lose money or life.  
In the flat opposite, a woman heard the noise outside. When she looked out through the 
window, she discovered that her neighbor was threatened by someone. She immediately called the 
police. In answer to the call, a patrol police car arrived at the scene of the crime quickly. Three 
policemen went inside the flat, others guarded outside the building to prevent anyone from 
escaping. 
The two criminals were arrested and taken to the police station with their wrists handcuffed. 
There they would be questioned and probably charged with robbery. 
 
2、Directions: Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should 
1.  describe the drawing, 
2.  interpret its meaning, and 
3.  give your comment on it. 
You should write at least 150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.  
养老问题： 
  
On Supporting the Old  
UThis is an ordinary but meaningful drawing.U UAs we can see Uin it, a poor old man in shabby 
clothes curls into a ball. Around him are his three sons and a daughter, each of whom is keeping 
goal and ready to kick the old father away from himself or herself.  
第二段写法一： 
USimple as the drawing is, the message it conveys is profound and far-reachingU. As a civilized 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
 53
nation boasting a history of 5,000 years, Chinese have been known for their many virtues, one of 
which is respecting and loving the old. Yet in modern society, many people seem to have been 
deprived of this virtue. They lay more emphasis on pursuing their own happiness, ignoring their 
parents’ benefits to a great extent.  
第二段写法二： 
Simple as the drawing is, the message it conveys is profound and far-reaching. Nowadays, 
many people ill-treat their aged parents or refuse to support them. Taking a look around, we can 
find examples too numerous to list. Others may support their parents financially, but turn a blind 
eye to their emotional needs. They either leave their parents in loneliness without paying visits to 
them frequently, or stop the widowed ones getting remarried. 
第二段写法三： 
Simple as the drawing is, the message it conveys is profound and far-reaching. Nowadays, 
many people ill-treat their aged parents or refuse to support them. A number of factors may 
account for such phenomena. One may attribute such phenomena to the fast pace of modern life 
and increasing pressure on working young people, but it is surely not the major reason. A 
fundamental cause, I believe, is a lack of education regarding respecting and loving the old.   
第二段写法四： 
Simple as the drawing is, the message it conveys is profound and far-reaching. Nowadays, 
many people ill-treat their aged parents or refuse to support them. This has resulted in the 
miserable life of a number of senior citizens. Should this trend continue, this society would be 
ruined morally. Besides, the wrong-doers will one day reap what they have sown and be 
maltreated by their off-spring.  
UIn view of the seriousness of the situation, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. In the first place, it is imperative that pertinent laws should be worked out and rigidly 
enforced to Uprotect the interest of senior citizens. UIn the second place, a deep-going, widespread 
and ever-lasting campaign should be launched to enhance people’s awareness ofU loving and 
respecting their parents. Anyway, UonlyU with harmonious families Ucan we Uachieve harmony among 
the entire society.  
 
3、Directions: Write an essay of at least 150 words based on the drawing given below. In your 
essay, you should  
1. describe the drawing briefly; 
2. explain its intended meaning, and then 
3. support your view with an example/examples  
人要有自信： 
Confidence: Key to Success  
This is an ordinary but meaningful picture. As we can see in it, one person is going to shoot 
and the other is keeping goal. While the former is imagining the latter to be much stronger than he 
looks, the latter is picturing himself as being a lot weaker than he actually is.  
Simple as the drawing is, the message it conveys is profound and far-reaching. It informs us 
that we should be confident in ourselves and should not exaggerate the difficulty we are faced with. 
Confident in ourselves, we shall overcome almost all hardships; otherwise, we shall be defeated 
by unworthy enemies. Actually, history abounds with examples for this theory. The victory of the 
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People’s Liberation Army over the Kuomintang troops is a case in point. Though the latter were 
armed to teeth, they were far from formidable. With confidence in themselves, the PLA finally 
won the war.  
UTo sum up, this picture is indeed instructive. Actually, confidence is essential if we want to 
make achievements in our studies or work, or indeed in any other aspect of our lives.U Though we 
are confronted with competitions of various forms, we can be the winner as long as we know our 
capacity and face our opponents as they are. 
 
 
 
 
（八）读后感型 
简述原文 
发表感想 
总结建议，展望或其它 
1．Directions: Read the story in Chinese below, and then write a composition of no less than 150 
words under the title of “The Goal of Life”. Your composition should be based on the story and 
the following outline.  
1. What have you learned from the story? 
2. What is the goal of your life? If you have achieved the goal of your life, what 
would you do? 
目   标 
在英国有一位残疾青年，他双腿走起路来很困难，却凭着坚强的信念和毅力创造了一次
又一次的壮举：他 19 岁时登上了世界 高峰珠穆朗玛峰；21 岁时登上了阿尔卑斯山；22
岁时登上了乞力马扎罗山，28 岁前他登上了世界上所有著名的高山。然而，就在 28 岁这一
年他自杀了。原来在他 11 岁时，他父母在攀登乞力马扎罗山时不幸遭遇雪崩双双遇难。他
的父母临行前给他留下了遗嘱，希望他能象父母一样，登上世界上所有著名的高山。这位残
疾青年把父母的遗嘱作为他人生奋斗的目标，当实现全部目标的时候，他感到前所未有的无
奈和绝望。他留下遗言：“如今，功成名就的我感到无事可做了，我没有了新的目标……” 
The Goal of Life 
A story goes that a disabled young man managed to reach the peak of every famous high 
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mountain in the world before he was 28. He did all this just as his parents told him to do in their 
will. But the young man committed suicide in the end and his last words were: “now I have 
nothing to do with all my goals achieved and my fame well established. I have no new goals.” 
This story might not be true, but it conveys profound messages. First, one should have a 
grand ideal and associate it with the needs of society. Secondly, one should have his own pursuits 
and should not follow others blindly.  
The story is especially instructive when we think of similar happenings around us. Some 
people, after making a fortune, feel empty and desperate, resorting to drugs or other low style of 
life. Still more young people do the same because they are in lack of lofty ideals and are only 
drifting with the tide.  
As far as I am concerned, I would like to devote myself to any cause that is beneficial to 
mankind. My short-term goal is to learn about environmental protection and find a job in this field. 
And I believe this is a meaningful and useful career. It is worth my life-long efforts. I will keep 
finding and attaining new goals in this field.  
 
2．Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 
120 words under the t i t le  of  "What wil l  money bring us,  fortune or misfortune?" 
Your composition should be based on the following story given in Chinese. Give at least two 
reasons to support your choice. 
夺命之物 
一栋住宅楼发生了大火，一个中年男子在大火中丧生。奇怪的是，他 5 岁的儿子明明却
逃了出来。有人问明明：“你是怎么逃出来的?”明明说：“我拿了一块湿毛巾捂住鼻子，贴在
地上爬……”，这是科学有效的逃生方法。 
    人们不解：“你爸爸不会这么做吗?” 
    明明说：“会，是爸爸教我这么做的。爸爸和我一起爬到了门口，他说忘了一件东西，
就又爬回去了。” 
    参加救火的消防员说，他们发现那具男尸时，他的手里紧紧地攥着一沓百元大钞。 
于是，人们明白了：有一种东西杀人夺命，比大火还厉害。(摘自《深圳青年》第 3 期
上半月刊，作者廖钧) 
What Will Money Bring Us, Fortune or Misfortune? 
A story goes that once an apartment building caught fire. Among the survivors was a boy of 
five, who crawled out of the building by himself with a wet towel covering his nose. But his father, 
who taught the boy the way, got killed, for he went back again for his money.  
Simple as the story is, it conveys a profound message: money can be more deadly than fire.  
Actually, there is no denying the fact that it has been a controversial topic “what will money 
bring us, fortune or misfortune?” Quite a few people would choose the former instantly, for they 
believe that money can buy them also everything. There are, of course, people who hate money 
and believe it is the source of misfortune.  
As far as I am concerned, I think that money itself cannot bring us fortune or misfortune, but our 
attitudes towards it can. Be the master of money and you will drive it to work for you, to buy you 
necessities and to enjoy your life. However, if you take yourself a slave of money, you will surely 
fall into the pit of misfortune one day. You will be tempted by money and lose your compass of 
life. You will even lose your life, as the father in the story did. So, friends, wake up and be the lord 
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of money! 
 
 
（九）摘要型 
摘要型写作步骤： 
1） 阅读划线（去除原文段落中举例、详述、复述、反述、铺垫、引申以及交代条件、背
景、原因、让步等与主题不直接相关的语句，或去除长句中不重要的修饰
语，如某些定语、状语、补语、同位语） 
2） 核对确定（将划线部分的总字数与要求字数核对，一般正负不要超过 20 个词；如字
数过多，则进一步削减） 
3） 整合转换（将保留的部分进行整理组合。有些句子需要重组，有些句子之间应加上关
联词。如原文为一段至五段，则可保留其结构；如原文超过五段，则有些
段落需要合并，一般可以合成三段，也可只写成一段。用词造句尽量转换
成自己的话） 
 
1．Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to read the following passage and 
write a summary of it in English in about 120 words. 
The success or failure of a company abroad depends on how effectively its employees can 
exercise their skills in a new location. That ability will depend on both their job-related expertise 
and the individual’s sensitivity and responsiveness to the new cultural environment. One of the 
most common factors contributing to failure in international business assignments is the erroneous 
assumption that if a person is successful in the home environment, he or she will be equally 
successful in applying technical expertise in a different culture. 
Research has shown that failures in the overseas business setting most frequently result from 
an inability to understand and adapt to foreign ways of thinking and acting rather than from 
technical or professional incompetence. At home U.S. businesspeople equip themselves with vast 
amount of knowledge of their employees, customers, and business partners. Market research 
provides detailed information on values, attitudes, and buying preferences of U.S, consumers; 
middle-and upper-level managers are well versed in the intricacies of their organization’s culture; 
and labor negotiators must be highly sensitive to what motivates those on the other side of the 
table. Yet when North Americans turn to the international arena, they frequently are willing to deal 
with customers, employees, and fellow workers with a lack of information that at home would be 
unimaginable. 
The literature on international business is filled with examples of business miscues when U.S. 
corporations attempted to operate in an international context. Some are mildly amusing. Others are 
downright embarrassing. All of them, to one degree or another, have been costly in terms of money, 
reputation, or both. For example, when American firms try to market their products in other 
countries, they often assume that if a marketing strategy or slogan is effective in Cleveland, it will 
be equally effective in other parts of the world. But problems arise when cultural context changes. 
Just as inattention to the cultural context can result in some costly blunders in marketing and 
management, it also can affect seriously the success of international business negotiations. Time, 
effort, reputation, and even contracts can be lost because of cultural ignorance. The world is 
changing faster than most of us can calculate, and if American businesspersons are to meet the 
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challenges of an increasingly interdependent world, they will need to develop a better 
understanding of how cultural variables influence international business enterprises. A healthy 
dialogue between cultures and members of the international business community will be an 
important step in achieving that needed understanding. 
答案：Whether a company abroad succeeds or not rests on how effectively its employees can 
exercise their skills in a new location.  
According to research, failures in the overseas business setting most frequently result from an 
inability to understand and adapt to foreign ways of thinking and acting rather than from technical 
or professional incompetence.  
There are numerous examples of business miscues when U.S. corporations attempted to 
operate in an international environment. All of them have been costly in terns of money, reputation, 
or both.  
An inattention to the cultural context can also affect seriously the success of international 
business negotiations. Therefore, a healthy dialogue between cultures and members of the 
international business community is essential to achieve a better understanding of how cultural 
variables influence international business enterprises. 
 
2．Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to read the following passage and 
write a summary of it in English in about 120 words. 
 
World population is expanding at a rate never before remotely approached in the whole 
course of history: a net gain of 2 percent per annum, so that the 6,000,000,000 people on the earth 
today will present another 65,000, 000 mouths to be fed by this time next year. It is a fearsome 
thought that this time tomorrow there will be added to world population some 180,000 persons, or 
a number equal to the total population of a city like Aberdeen, Swansea or Sunderland. Basically 
the increasing rate of world population growth is the result of recent advances in medical science 
and skill. The knowledge and practice of what has been called death control have overtaken the 
knowledge and practice of birth control. Mainly over the past half century, wherever modern 
medicine and health services have penetrated infant mortality and maternal mortality have been 
reduced to a small fraction of the old figures; the old killing diseases such as smallpox, diphtheria, 
tuberculosis, yellow fever, cholera and plague, have been so far brought under control as to have 
lost their terror; the life cycles of disease organisms causing such diseases as malaria are known, 
and complete eradication depends solely on intensification of removal measures; powerful new 
drugs are at hand to control threatened epidemics which might previously have decimated whole 
populations. As a result, expectation of life at birth has been doubled in many countries. In most 
parts of the world adequately served by Western medicine a baby boy at birth may expect to live 
nearly 70 years, a baby girl a couple of years longer. By way of contrast, over the same period 
crude birth-rates have undergone relatively little change. In only a very few countries are the 
results of positive family planning obvious -- the most notable exception being land-hungry Japan 
where there has been a drastic reduction in the birth-rate. Increasing popu1ation is virtually 
universal. The former belief that the more advanced countries were reaching a peak as the desire 
for material comforts competed with the desire for a family was shattered by the post-war figures, 
for the other end of the scale, the highest rates of increase are in the developing countries, such as 
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those of Africa and Latin America, where improved medical services have their greatest impact. 
答案：World population is growing at an unprecedented and alarming rate: an annual net gain 
of 2 percent. It is basically due to recent advances in medical science and skill. The knowledge 
and practice of death control have surpassed that of birth control. Mainly over the past 50 years, 
infant mortality and maternal mortality have been reduced dramatically and the old killing 
diseases have been brought under control. As a result, expectation of life at birth has been doubled 
in many countries. By contrast, there has been relatively little change with crude birth-rates over 
the same period. Increasing popu1ation is actually universal: the highest rates of increase are in 
the developing countries, but population in the more advanced countries has also been expanding. 
 
 
模板的使用方式：模版是一种工具 
1. 手中无剑，心中也无剑 
2. 手中有剑，心中无剑 
3. 手中心中都有剑 
4. 手中无剑，心中有剑 
5. 手中无剑，心中也无剑 
 
 
补充题型：题型变化之对立观点型 
2008 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Will E-books 
Replace Traditional Books? You should write at least 150 words following the outline 
given below. 
 1. 随着信息技术的发展，电子图书越来越多 
 2. 有人认为电子图书会在将来取代传统图书 
 3. 我的观点 
Will E-books Replace Traditional Books? 
UThere is no denying the fact thatU e-books Uhave gained increasing popularity in the past years 
along with the development ofU information technology. Taking a look around, we can find 
examples too numerous to list. Actually, modern readers seem to spend more time on e-books than 
on traditional ones.  
UAs a consequence, it has emerged as a hotly debated topic whetherU e-books will take the 
place of traditional books in the future. Some hold the positive view. They claim that it is natural 
for books to be come electronic as mankind steps into a digital age. Compared with traditional 
books, e-books have some obvious advantages. For one thing, it is convenient to read on line as 
modern people have easy access to the Internet. For another, reading e-books saves money.  
Personally, I believe that e-books cannot replace all traditional books. First, you can mark a 
traditional book and write your comments in the margin but you can hardly do that on e-books. 
Secondly, to many people, only the smell of print and the feel of paper can provide the true sense 
of reading and learning. Therefore, in my opinion, traditional books will still exist in the future.  
 
2010 年 12 月 
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Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My View on 
University Ranking. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given 
below. 
1.  目前高校排名相当盛行 
2.  对这种做法人们看法不一 
3.  我认为…… 
2009 年 12 月 
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should 
Parents Send Their Kids to Art Classes? You should write at least 150 words 
following the outline given below. 
1.  现在有不少家长送孩子参加各种艺术班 
2.  对这种做法有人表示支持，但有人并不赞成 
3.  我认为…… 
Should Parents Send Their Kids to Art Classes? 
UThere is no denying the fact that it has become a prevailing trend for Uparents UtoU send their 
children to art training classes of all kinds. UTaking a look around, we can find examples too many 
to list. 
To this phenomenon people’s attitudes differ sharply. Some hold the positive view. They 
claim that attending art classes can help nurture children’s interest or tap their potentials in art. 
This, they believe, will contribute to a child’s all-sided development. Besides, they argue that 
mastering skills of one art or two can add to a child’s edge of competition in the modern world. 
Others, however, hold the opposite view. They point out that not all children are interested 
or talented in art, or a child may not be fond of all forms of art. Forcing them to go to art classes 
may only restrict their freedom and affect their healthy growth. 
Personally, I believe that we should not go to extremes. On the one hand, it must be 
admitted that going to art classes is and effective means to find out children’s talent in art and it is 
conducive to their sound development. On the other hand, parents should not deprive their 
children of their right to choose to learn what they truly like. Remember, the fittest is the best.  
 
 
（以下真题范文见真题范文示例二） 
2009 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the 
Importance of a Name. You should write at least 150 words following the outline 
given below. 
 1. 有人说名字（或名称）很重要 
 2. 也有人觉得名字（或名称）无关紧要 
 3. 我认为…… 
 
2007 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Should 
One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed? You should write at least 150 
words, and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) 
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 60
below: 
1. 有些人认为有做好事应该有回报。 
2. 另一些人认为应该像雷锋那样，做好事不计回报。 
3. 我的看法 
 
2000 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Is a Test 
of Spoken English Necessary? The First sentence has already been written for you. 
You should write at least 120 words, and you should base your composition on the 
outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1. 很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是...... 
2. 也有人持不同意见，...... 
3. 我的看法和打算 
 
1999 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Reading 
Selectively or Extensively? You should write at least 120 words and you should base 
your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1.  有些人认为读书要有选择 
2.  有些人认为应当博览群书 
3.  我的看法 
 
1998 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Do 
“Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck? You should write at least 120 words 
and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1.  有些人认为某些数字会带来好运 
2.  我认为数字和运气无关...... 
 
1997 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My 
View on Job-Hopping. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your 
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1. 有些人喜欢始终从事一种工作，因为...... 
2. 有些人喜欢经常更换工作，因为...... 
3. 我的看法 
 
1996 年 1 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the title: 
Why I Take College English Test Band 6. You should base your composition on the 
following outline (given in Chinese). 
1. 有些人认为没有必要参加大学英语六级考试 
2. 我参加 CET-6 考试的理由 
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（六）图表图画型 
2006 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Traveling 
Abroad. You should write at least 150 words based on the chart and the outline given 
below: 
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
1995 2000 2005
 
Number of people in City X traveling abroad in 1995, 2000 and 2005 
 
1. 近十年来 X 市有越来越多的人选择出境旅游 
2. 出现这一现象的原因 
3．这种现象可能产生的影响 
 
2003 年 9 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Reading 
Preferences. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 
 
Reading preferences of students in an American university in 2002 
 
Categories of books Percentage of book circulation in the library 
Popular Fiction 65.9% 
General Nonfiction 18.2% 
Science/Technology/Education 10.8% 
Art/Literature/Poetry 5.1% 
 
1． 根据上表，简要叙述美国某大学学生借阅图书的分布情况； 
2． 你对于这些学生阅读偏爱的评论 
3． 你通常喜欢阅读哪一类书籍？说明理由。 
 
2003 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic 
Changes in the Ownership of Houses in China. You should write at least 150 words 
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 62
and you should base your composition on the graph and outline below.　 
 
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
1950’s 1970’s 1990’s
state-owned
private
 
        1. Describe the changes as indicated by the graph 
    2. Give possible reasons for the changes 
 
2002 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic 
Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 150 words, and base your 
composition on the chart and the outline given below: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1. 上
图所示为
1990 年、1995 年、2000 年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化； 
2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）； 
3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。 
 
 
1996 年 6 月 
Hours/week 
Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week 
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Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the graphs 
below. 
Health Gains in Developing Countries 
 
Life Expectancy        Infant Mortality 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
（七）应用写作型 
2005 年 12 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter to a company declining a 
job offer. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 
4. 对公司提供职位表示感谢 
5. 解释为何不能接受所提供的职位 
6. 希望予以谅解，并表示对公司的良好祝愿 
 
2005 年 1 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write an open letter on behalf of the 
Student Union asking people to give help to a student who is seriously ill. You should 
write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 
1． 对病人的简单介绍：目前的病情和家庭情况 
2． 目前的困难：无法承担医疗费用，需要护理 
3． 希望捐助；联系方式 
 
2004 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter to the editor of a 
newspaper complaining about the poor service of a bookstore. You should write at 
least 150 words following the outline given below: 
          设想你买了一本英文字典，发现有这样那样的质量问题，书店的服务态度又不好，
因此给报社编辑写信。信中必须包含以下内容： 
1． 事情的起因 
2． 与书店交涉的经过 
3． 呼吁服务行业必须提高服务质量 
2002 年 1 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic A 
Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus. You 
0
50
100
150
200
250
1960 1990
deaths per 1,000 births
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1960 1990
years old
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should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given in 
Chinese below: 
假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂
的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼
而有之。 
2001 年 6 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Zhang 
Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you 
during a weeklong holiday. You should write at least 120 words according to the 
suggestions given below in Chinese. 
1. 表示欢迎 
2. 提出对度假安排的建议 
3. 提醒应注意的事项 
 
（八）其他类型 
2000 年 12 月 
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How 
to Succeed in a Job Interview? You should write at least 120 words and you should 
base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1.  面试在求职过程中的作用 
2.  取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是…… 
 
真题范文示例二： 
1. My View on University Ranking 
There is no denying the fact that it has become a prevailing trend for some individuals or 
organizations to rank universities. Taking a look around, we can find examples too many to list. 
To this phenomenon people’s attitudes differ sharply. Some hold the positive view. They 
claim that ranking universities can help high school graduates or their parents to make a sound 
choice when enrolling in a university or college. Besides, this practice can help promote the level 
of higher education as a whole in that many universities will exert efforts to elevate their position. 
Others, however, hold the opposite view. They point out that the result of ranking is not 
always credible, for many individuals or institutions do it merely for the purpose of colleting 
money. Furthermore, some universities overemphasize the result of ranking and waste large 
amounts of resources. 
Personally, I believe that we should not go to extremes. On the one hand, it must be admitted 
that ranking is an effective means to encourage universities or colleges to compete with each other 
and improve their work. On the other hand, it should not be conducted or used in the wrong way.  
 
3.  On the Importance of a Name 
There is no denying the fact that it is a controversial topic whether names are important or not. 
Some hold the positive view. They claim that a good name, or a name that can be easily 
remembered, can bring one a lot more opportunities than others. Some Chinese may also believe 
that a name designed according to the traditional theory of five elements can bring good luck. 
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Others, however, hold the opposite view. They argue that a name is nothing but a code to 
distinguish one from another. A person with a “good” name may not be as successful as the name 
indicates. In the same way, a person who has a common or casually given name can also achieve 
tremendous success. 
Personally, I believe that both sides have something right, so we should not go to extremes. 
On the one hand, we have to admit that a well designed name can help a person to some extent. 
On the other hand, we should not exaggerate the effect of a name on a person’s fate. Anyway, a 
person’s success mainly depends on his hard work and desirable personalities. 
4. Will E-books Replace Traditional Books? 
UThere is no denying the fact thatU e-books Uhave gained increasing popularity in the past years 
along with the development ofU information technology. Taking a look around, we can find 
examples too numerous to list. Actually, modern readers seem to spend more time on e-books than 
on traditional ones.  
UAs a consequence, it has emerged as a hotly debated topic whetherU e-books will take the 
place of traditional books in the future. Some hold the positive view. They claim that it is natural 
for books to be come electronic as mankind steps into a digital age. Compared with traditional 
books, e-books have some obvious advantages. For one thing, it is convenient to read on line as 
modern people have easy access to the Internet. For another, reading e-books saves money.  
Personally, I believe that e-books cannot replace all traditional books. First, you can mark a 
traditional book and write your comments in the margin but you can hardly do that on e-books. 
Secondly, to many people, only the smell of print and the feel of paper can provide the true sense 
of reading and learning. Therefore, in my opinion, traditional books will still exist in the future.  
5. Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed? 
There is no denying the fact that it is a controversial topic whether one should expect a 
reward when doing a good deed. People’s opinions differ sharply on this issue. Some hold the 
positive view. They say that it is a natural thing for one to get rewarded after he has made 
contributions to the society, especially in an age of market economy. Otherwise, people would be 
discouraged from helping others. 
Others, however, hold the opposite view. They maintain that one should learn from Lei Feng 
and expect no reward when helping others. Anyway, everything is not a commodity. The whole 
society would be in danger if we all calculated conscience and affection in terms of money.   
Anyway, as the saying goes, it is love, instead of money, that turns the world around. 
Personally, I believe that we should not go to extremes. On the one hand, we should 
recognize and reward in time people who have done a good deed or good deeds; on the other hand, 
we should keep it in mind that we do not help others for money, but out of love and responsibility. 
Only in this way can we achieve a really harmonious society. 
6. Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? 
A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of College English Test 
(CET). Some people argue that it is absolutely necessary to hold a test of spoken English in China 
because we have been informed frequently that a Chinese student who has been learning English 
for over ten years cannot even communicate with a native speaker. A test of spoken English will 
bring the college students an awareness of the importance of oral English, and will thus help them 
with their communicating skills. 
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On the other hand, some others still maintain that a good command of reading and writing 
skills will be enough for the English learners. To some extent their opinion derives from the fact 
that students are already under considerable pressure from their coursework. Another required test 
will only add to their burden. 
In my opinion, a test of spoken English will do more good than harm. Since China will 
continue its policy of opening and reform, the ability to speak English fluently is a must for 
anyone who wants to surpass others in a highly competitive society. Whether I take the test or not, 
I shall spare no efforts to practice oral English in the remaining years of my college study. 
7. Reading Selectively or Extensively? 
When it comes to the proper way to read, opinions differ from person to person. Some people 
think we should read selectively. They argue that with the development of modern science and 
technology, more and more books are published. It is impossible for us to read all the books. 
What's more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we shouldn't read 
them. Since we can't read all the books and we shouldn't read bad books, we must read selectively. 
But others may not agree. They emphasize that today's society is not what it was. If one man 
has many kinds of knowledge he'll have more chances to succeed. If a man knows much in one 
field but knows nothing in other fields, he may be useless. Since we must have many kinds of 
knowledge, we must read extensively. 
Who's right? I think both of them have something right. But I think we should read 
extensively first. We should read books in many fields, and read selectively in one field. 
8. Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck? 
There are people who believe that some numbers bring good luck, while others bring bad 
luck. For instance, in China the number eight is thought to be lucky. Turning our attention to the 
West, we find that the number seven is considered lucky, but the number 13 is avoided like the 
plague. 
UIn spite of all these claims, most people would agree thatU there is little evidence that numbers 
have any influence on our lives. In fact, they say, the reverse seems to be the case. For one thing, 
we might expect calculators to break down every time they note the number 13, and for another, 
although every week has seven days we know that not every week is lucky for us. 
UWeighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter point of 
view.U It is obvious that there is no scientific basis for the belief that there is a connection between 
luck and numbers. All in all, it seems to me to be superstition. 
9. My View on Job-Hopping 
Job-hopping, or frequent change of jobs, is becoming increasingly common in China today. 
As the economy grows, more opportunities for employment are appearing than before. The result 
is that people, especially young people, are tempted to change jobs frequently, seeking higher 
salaries or more interesting positions. 
Nevertheless, many people prefer to stay in their old jobs. This is partly because they feel 
loyal to their work units, and partly because they dislike the idea of having to spend much time 
training for a new job. In addition, although a new job may offer higher pay or more opportunities 
for promotion, it may be located far from home and be inconvenient to reach. 
I think it is a good thing for the workforce to be flexible, so that new demands for personnel 
can be satisfied quickly. However, if a person changes jobs too often, he or she will cause losses to 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
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the employing units. Moreover, frequent job-hopping prevents a person from gaining valuable job 
experience and developing good work habits. 
10．Why I Take College English Test Band 6 
(a) 
Some people consider that it is unnecessary to take College English Test Band 6 (CET-6). 
One reason they cite is that most schools set CET-4 as the main requirement. Another reason is 
that they think that CET-6 is simply too difficult for them. 
I, however, have decided to accept the challenge of CET-6. The preparation for this test will 
force me to raise the level of my English ability. Besides, I regard CET-6 as a stepping-stone to 
further qualifications in English which will help me in my future career. 
All in all, taking CET-6 is advantageous for both a student’s studies and his personal 
development. The first advantage is that he will improve his English skills in an all-round way. 
The second is that he will strengthen his character by continuing his English studies when other 
people have been lazy and stopped. 
(b) 
When it comes to College English Test Band 6 (CET-6), opinions differ from person to 
person. Some hold the positive view. They believe that taking CET-6 is advantageous for both a 
student’s studies and his personal development. The first advantage is that he will improve his 
English skills in an all-round way. The second is that he will strengthen his character by 
continuing his English studies when other people have been lazy and stopped. 
Others, however, hold the opposite view. They maintain that it is unnecessary to take College 
English Test Band 6 (CET-6). One reason they cite is that most schools set CET-4 as the main 
requirement. Another reason is that they think that CET-6 is simply too difficult for them. 
Personally, I have decided to accept the challenge of CET-6. The preparation for this test will 
force me to raise the level of my English ability. Besides, I regard CET-6 as a stepping-stone to 
further qualifications in English which will help me in my future career. 
11. Should Firecrackers Be Banned?  
(a) 
Some people think that setting off firecrackers is a good thing. They say that it is an ancient 
Chinese custom which should be preserved. They also claim that firecrackers make festivals and 
holiday occasions more colorful and entertaining for both adults and children. 
On the other hand, there are many people who say that firecrackers should be banned. They 
point out that firecrackers are responsible for fires which destroy property, and for injuries 
suffered both by the people who set them off and by innocent bystanders. They also say that 
firecrackers are a waste of money and resources. 
My own point of view is that we should preserve the old custom of letting off firecrackers, 
while at the same time making them harmless. We can do this by banning firecrackers from public 
places. In addition, we should restrict the setting off of firecrackers to festival days. 
(b) 
UThere is no denying the fact thatU setting off firecrackers Uhas been a hotly debated topic in 
China.U UPeople’s opinions differ sharply on this issue.U USome hold the positive view.U UThey say that U it 
is an ancient Chinese custom which should be preserved. UThey also claim thatU firecrackers make 
festivals and holiday occasions more colorful and entertaining for both adults and children. 
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UWithout Ufirecrackers, festivals would become dull and cheerless. 
UOthers, however, hold the opposite view.U UThey maintain thatU firecrackers should be banned. 
UThey point out thatU firecrackers are responsible for fires, which destroy property, and for injuries 
suffered both by the people who set them off and by innocent bystanders. UThey also argue thatU 
firecrackers are a waste of money and resources. 
UPersonally, I believe that we should not go to extremes. On the one hand, we shouldU preserve 
the old custom of letting off firecrackers; Uon the other hand, we shouldU make it harmless. This can 
be done by banning firecrackers from public places. In addition, the setting off of firecrackers 
should be restricted to festival days. 
(c) 
UThere has been much controversy overU setting off firecrackers Uin the past years, with each 
party owning convincing evidences.U UThose who are in favor ofU setting off firecrackers Uclaim thatU it 
is an ancient Chinese custom that should be preserved. They also argue that firecrackers make 
festivals and holiday occasions more colorful and entertaining for both adults and children. 
Without firecrackers, festivals would become cold and cheerless.  
UOn the other hand, there are many people who are of the opinion thatU firecrackers should be 
banned. They point out that firecrackers are responsible for fires which destroy property, and for 
injuries suffered both by the people who set them off and by innocent bystanders. Besides, they 
maintain that firecrackers lead to a waste of money and resources. 
UPersonally, I think that both sides have something right. Actually,U firecrackers Ushould be 
viewed as a two-edged sword, which presents us with both benefits and troubles. But we should 
not give up eating for fear of choking. The best policy, as I see it, is to maximize their advantages 
and minimize their unhealthy influence, so that they can benefit us in a better way. 
 
1. Traveling Abroad 
It can be seen from the chart that there have been sharp increases in the number of people 
traveling abroad in City X in the past decade. As the chart shows, the year 1995 witnessed only 
about 10,000 people from this city touring abroad. In 2000, the number soared to nearly 40,000. 
Last year, more than 120,000 people in the city chose to spend their vacations outside China.  
A number of factors account for the change in the chart, but the following are the most 
critical ones. First, thanks to the policy of reform and opening-up, the nation’s economy has been 
developing at a considerably high speed in the past decades. Therefore, the people have more extra 
money for traveling. Secondly, other relevant state policies and the boom of touring industry 
provide citizens with more opportunities to go out and see the world. Last but not least, people 
have attached greater importance to the quality of life, thus they spend more money and time 
traveling and sight-seeing.  
In a word, this chart is a perfect indicator of China’s fast expanding economy and people’s 
rising standard of life. The trend of traveling abroad will further stimulate the development of our 
economy and broaden people’s horizons.  
2. Reading Preferences 
It can be seen from the table that popular fiction is most popular with American students, 
accounting for 65.9% of book circulation in the library. General nonfiction comes next, making up 
18.2%, while books concerning science, technology and education compose only 10.8%. The least 
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preferred category is that of art, literature and poetry, with a circulation rate of merely 5.1%. 
A number of factors could account for the reading preferences, but the following are the most 
critical ones. Firstly, popular fiction is fascinating to the young students. Secondly, books about 
science and technology are usually too complex and difficult to read. They often contain many 
special terms which most students can’t understand. Finally, in today’s market economy, much 
more emphasis is laid on practical and vocational books rather than arts or poetry.  
When it comes to me, poetry and art are my favorites. Such kind of books can nourish my 
mind, broaden my horizons and render me a fresh feeling. Reading a piece of good poetry tends to 
relieve my burden and lessen my tension, making me more creative and dynamic. It gets me into 
an imaginary world, fresh and beautiful. I just love it! 
3. Changes in the Ownership of Houses in China 
 UIt can be seen from the chart that there have been dramatic changes inU the ownership of 
houses in China in the past 50 years. While the percentage of state-owned houses has UdroppedU 
from 70% in 1950’s to 20% in 1990’s, that of private houses has UsoaredU from 30% to 80% during 
the same period of time. 
 UA number of factors could account for the change in the chart, but the following are the most 
critical ones. First, thanks to the policy of reform and opening-up, the nation’s economy has been 
developing at a considerably high speed in the past decades. Therefore, people have more extra 
money toU improve their housing. USecondly, other relevant state policies and the boom of Ureal estate 
Uindustry provide citizens with more opportunities toU choose their own dwelling places. ULast but 
not least, people have attached greater importance to their quality of life. Thus more of them haveU 
purchased houses in their own favor. 
 UIn a word, this chart is a perfect index of China’s fast expanding economy and people’s rising 
standard of living. Although a series of problems have arisen in the process, it is reasonable for us 
to believe that they can be solved in the near future with effective measures taken by both the 
government and the public. 
 
4. Student Use of Computer 
Students tend to use computers more and more frequently nowadays. Reading this chart, we 
can find that the average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week has 
increased sharply. In 1990, it was less than 2 hours; and in 1995, it increased to almost 4 hours, 
and in 2000, the number soared to 20 hours. 
Obviously computers are becoming increasingly popular. There are several reasons for this 
change. First, computers facilitate us in more aspects of life. Also, the fast development of the 
Internet enlarges our demands for using computers. We can easily contact with friends in remote 
places through the Internet. Besides, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which 
enables more students to purchase them. 
However, there still exist some problems, such as poor quality, out-of-date designs and so on. 
And how to balance the time between using computers and studying is also a serious problem. 
Anyhow, we will benefit a lot from computers as long as we use them properly. 
 
5. Health Gains in Developing Countries  
It can be seen from the charts that there have been dramatic changes in life expectancy and 
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infant mortality in developing countries in the past decades. As the chart shows, people’s life 
expectancy soared from 40 years old to 60 years old from 1960 to 1990. Meanwhile, infant 
mortality declined from 200 to 150 deaths per thousand births.  
 UThe changes in the charts may be attributed to a number of factors,U but the following are the 
most critical ones. First, developing countries’ economy has been developing at a considerably 
high speed in the past decades. Therefore, people have more extra money to improve their health. 
Secondly, the advances in medical sciences and boom of medical industry provide citizens with 
more opportunities to cure their diseases. Last but not least, people have attached greater 
importance to their quality of life, thus they have spent more money and time to build up their 
bodies.  
 In a word, these charts are perfect indexes of developing nations’ fast expanding 
economy and people’s rising standard of life. Although a series of problems have arisen in the 
process, it is reasonable for us to believe t eloping countries hier lives. The result of this will be 
happier and more productive populations.) 
 
1. A Letter Declining a Job Offer 
                                                    December 24, 2005 
Dear Sir or Madam: 
I am responding to your job offer on December 20, 2005. I was informed that I would be 
offered the position as an interpreter for your company. I cordially appreciate your trust and I am 
much obliged to you for providing me with this valuable opportunity.  
However, I have to tell you that I cannot accept it. The major reason is that I don’t think I am 
the most appropriate candidate for this post. As a non-English major, though my written and 
spoken English are outstanding than most of my peers, I am not well trained in translation, not to 
mention interpretation, which, I believe is highly demanding. Maybe my performance in the oral 
examination has misled you. Actually, I am more interested and more competent in my own major, 
that is, program designing. Last but not least, I happened to have been offered such a position with 
another company.  
Nonetheless, I, again, want to express my sincere gratefulness and I earnestly apologize for 
any inconvenience hereby caused. Finally, I hope you can find the ideal candidate as soon as 
possible.  
Best regards. 
                                                             Yours sincerely  
                                                             Li Ming 
 
2. Your Help Needed 
Dear friends, 
I am writing to you, on behalf of the Student Union, to ask for your help for Li Ming, a 
schoolmate of ours from the Department of Computer Science. He is seriously ill now and has to 
have a heart transplant at once. To make things worse, he comes from the west of our country and 
his family is quite poor.  
Li Ming is now confronted with the following difficulties. To begin with, he can’t afford the 
medical expenses. His family doesn’t have a good financial background. Moreover, his parents 
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have already been deep in debt in order to send him to university. In addition, his family is far 
away and he needs someone to take care of him day and night. Only with intense care can our 
friend recover from his disease.  
On no account can we see our friend suffer or die. He is in desperate need of your help, 
especially financial donations to help him pay for his expenses. Let’s all give him our hands. 
Anyone who wants to offer help can contact us at 88588858 or you can email us by 
HUlove@sina.comUH. Please act without delay.  
Yours sincerely,   
Zhang Hua 
Chairman of the Student Union 
 
3.  A Letter to the Editor of a Newspaper 
                         June 20th, 2004 
Dear Mr. / Ms. Editor, 
I am a student from Tsinghua University and I am writing to you about my experience of 
buying a dictionary and my complaint about the service of a bookstore.  
It was about a month ago. I went to a bookstore nearby the university to buy an English 
dictionary. It was only after I paid for the dictionary and returned to school that I found some 
pages were missing. But when I went back to the bookstore to tell them about the matter, they said 
that I should have checked the dictionary before I left the store. According to them, it was my fault 
and they hold no responsibility for the whole matter.  
What I want to say is that sincerity and enthusiasm are vital to the survival of service 
industries in such a market economy featured by fierce competition. It was quite easy for them to 
change the dictionary for me but they refused to do so. They will lose all customers if they persist 
in doing so. I hope that this letter can draw the attention of the whole society and that the problem 
can be solved as soon as possible.  
Best regards.  
                                                        Yours sincerely 
                                                        Li Ming 
 
4. A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus 
January 12th, 2002 
UDearU Mr. President, 
UI amU a sophomore from Department 3 Uand I am writing to you about U the food and service in 
the canteen on campus. 
To be frank, I am rather disappointed at the food quality, price and service in the canteen. 
First, the dishes are scarcely well cooked and most of them taste the same.  Secondly, most of the 
dishes there are priced so high that some students cannot even afford them. Thirdly, the service in 
the canteen is far from satisfying and the inside of the canteen always seem untidy. 
To solve the problem, I suggest that another canteen be built and a mechanism of competition 
be introduced between the old and the new. Besides, both the canteens should be subject to the 
students' supervision. 
Dining is an everyday issue for students. It may affect their academic performance. Therefore, 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
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UI sincerely hope this letter can draw your attention to the matter and I hope the problems 
mentioned above can be solved as soon as possible. 
    UBest regards. 
UYours sincerely 
Li Ming 
 
5. 
June 28, 2001 
Dear Xiao Wang,            
I’m thrilled to receive your letter on May 10th, in which you suggested our spending a week 
together here in Beijing. I do think it’s a fantastic idea and I believe we’ll have a good time 
together. 
As to the arrangement of the holiday, I suggest the following activities. For the first three 
days I will show you around our campus and some places of interest downtown Beijing, such as 
the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven and the Summer Palace. For the following two days, we 
will visit the Great Wall, the Ming Tombs and other historic sites around the city. In the last two 
days, we will be back in the city and tour some famous business streets, where you can do some 
shopping. What do you say? 
    It will be quite hot here in Beijing, so remember to get prepared for the weather. And, last but 
not least, don’t forget to bring your camera with you, for you will find so many scenes worth 
photographing here. I will be longing for your arrival.  
UBest wishesU.   
UYours truly,  
Zhang Ying 
 
（八）其他类型 
1. How to Succeed in a Job Interview?  
It is undeniable that an interview plays a critical role in job-hunting. Through the interview, 
an employer can meet their future employees in person and know them more thoroughly. 
Sometimes the written form of examination cannot reveal candidates' real talents or problems. 
Besides, it is also beneficial for candidates to take an interview. They will have a chance to make 
their employers understand them better. 　 
A number of factors contribute to the success in a job interview. Personally, I think 
job-hunters should pay attention to the following points. First, they should be well prepared 
professionally. That means they should be ready to answer all the important questions concerning 
their future job. Secondly, they should express themselves confidently and honestly. Last but not 
least, they should pay enough attention to their appearances, that is, they should be properly 
dressed.　 
As far as I am concerned, I will get academically ready first, and then be relaxed to answer 
all the questions. I will also dress up and behave properly. I do believe that so long as I make good 
preparations, I will perform well in the interview.　 
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附：六级写作模拟题及范文 
（一）对立观点型 
1. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic 
Keeping Pets. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your 
composition on the outline below:　 
1. 有些人赞成养宠物 
       2. 有些人反对养宠物 
    3. 你的观点 
 
2. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 
words on the topic “Military Training” and you’re your article on the following 
outline. 
1. 有些人赞成学生参加军训 
       2. 有些人反对 
    3. 你的观点 
 
3. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic 
Buying Lottery Tickets. You should write at least 150 words and you should base 
your composition on the outline given below: 
1. 有些人赞成买彩票 
       2. 有些人反对买彩票 
    3. 你的观点 
 
4．Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 
150 words on the following topic and outline. 
          近国内有些高校允许在校适龄大学生结婚。对此人们有不同观点. 
          1．有些人对高校允许学生结婚的做法持肯定态度 
          2．另一些人则反对 
          3．我的观点 
 
5．Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic 
Preferable Work. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your 
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1. 有些人喜欢与人打交道的工作 
2. 有些人喜欢与事物或机器打交道的工作 
3. 你的选择 
 
6．Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic 
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Part-time Jobs for College Students. You should write at least 150 words and you should base 
your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1. 有些人反对大学生做兼职工作 
2. 你的看法 
 
7.  Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The 
Development of Private Cars. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your 
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1. 有些人赞成发展私人小汽车 
2．另一些人则反对 
3. 你的看法 
 
（二）单一观点型 
1．Directions: For this part, you are to write a composition of at least 150 words on The Greatest 
Invention in the Past Century. In your composition, you should clearly state your opinion and 
give reasons to support your arguments. Write your composition on the ANSWER SHEET. 
 
2. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 
150 words on the topic Should Students Wear School Uniforms? You should base your 
composition on the outline given below: 
1．人们观点不一 
2．我的观点及理由 
3．结论 
 
3. Directions: In this part, you are to write a composition of no less than 150 words about 
“College Graduates Work as Village Officials”. You should write according to the 
outline given below. Please remember to write it clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. 
Some college graduates choose to work as village officials. 
1.    Do you think it is a good idea?  
2.    What can they offer the countryside?  
3.    What can they gain from their village positions?  
 
（三）陈述利弊型 
1．Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on 
the topic Scientific Discovery — Curse or Blessing?. You should write at least 150 
words and you should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below: 
1. 科学发现为人类带来很多福利。 
2. 科学发现也导致了一些灾难。 
3. 结论。 
 
2．Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic 
Internet — A Two-edged Sword. You should write at least 150 words and you should 
base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below: 
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1.  Internet 的功绩。 
2.  Internet 的弊端。 
3.  结论。 
 
3. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic  
Studying Abroad: Hardships and Rewards. You should write at least 150 words: 
          1. 出国留学有很多好处 
       2. 出国留学也会遇到很多难题 
    3. 你的选择 
 
4.Direction: In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following information. 
Make comments and express your own opinion. You should write at least 150 words on Answer 
Sheet 1.  
手机短信有很多优点，但也有很多弊端，你的看法如何？ 
 
（四） 解决问题型 
1．Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic 
Food Safety. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on 
the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1． 食品安全成为我们面临的一个严重问题。    
2． 产生这一问题的原因。 
3． 如何解决这一问题。 
 
2. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On 
Water Shortage. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on 
the outline given below:　 
1. Water shortage is becoming an urgent problem 
    2. Possible solutions 
 
3. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic 
Sandstorms. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on 
the outline given below:　 
1. Sandstorms are becoming an urgent problem 
       2. Possible solutions 
 
4.Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic 
College Students’ Job Hunting. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition 
on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1． 近年来出现了大学毕业生就业难的问题。    
2． 产生这一问题的原因。 
3． 如何解决这一问题。  
 
5．Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How 
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to Solve Energy Crisis. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your composition 
on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1. 人类面临着能源危机 
2．如何化解这一危机 
 
6．Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Fire 
Accidents in Big Cities. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your 
composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1. 大城市火灾有上升的趋势 
2．造成火灾的原因 
3．如何防止火灾 
 
（五）谚语警句型 
1．Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic 
Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way. You should write at least 150 words, and 
you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 
1. 为什么“有志者，事竟成”？。 
2. 举例说明。 
 
2．Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on 
the topic Practice Makes Perfect. You should write at least 150 words 
and you should base your composition on the outline given below: 
1. 为什么说“熟能生巧” 
2. 例如…… 
3．又例如 
 
（六）图表图画型 
1.Directions: In this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 
words on The Increase in the Number of Students Attending Graduate Entrance 
Exams. Study the following chart carefully and base your composition on the outline 
given below. 
 
 
 
 
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
某大学参加考研的学生人数
2,900
3,950
6,100
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
1998 2004 2010
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4. Describe the changes in the number of students attending graduate entrance exams 
in University X in the past decade. 
5. Give possible reasons for the changes. 
6. State your own choice. 
 
2．Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic 
Fighting Drug Abuse. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the 
chart and the outline given below: 
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1995 2000 2005 2010
number of
drug
addicts
in China
(thousand
)
age groups of Chinese drug addicts in
2010
drug addicts
aged under
35
drug addicts
aged over 35
 
六级写作模拟题范文 
（一）对立观点型 
1. Keeping Pets 
There is no denying the fact that keeping pets has been a hotly debated topic in China. 
People’s opinions differ sharply on this issue. Some hold the positive view. They say that pets like 
cats, dogs and birds can reduce, to some extent, loneliness for both adults and children, especially 
for the old, the single, housewives and the disabled. Without pets, these people’s life would 
become dull and cheerless. 
Others, however, hold the opposite view. They maintain that keeping pets should be banned. 
They point out that pets are responsible for noises, which disturb people’s rest, and for injuries 
suffered both by the people who keep them and by innocent neighbors. They also argue that 
keeping pets is a waste of money and resources. 
Personally, I believe that we should not go to extremes. On the one hand, we should allow 
people to keep pets; on the other hand, we should take measures to solve the problems caused by 
pets. This can be done by banning pets from public places. In addition, large and dangerous pets 
should be restricted to special areas. 
或 UWeighing the arguments of both sides, I am inclined to agree with the latter.U Anyway, we 
can lessen our loneliness and express our love toward animals in other ways. And it is my belief 
that only by placing man and other species on an equal basis can we expect to have a lively and 
colorful world.  
 
2．Military Training 
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There is no denying the fact that it has been a hotly debated topic whether students should 
attend military training in China in the past years. Opinions on this issue differ sharply. Some hold 
the positive view. They say that the training can not only build up students’ bodies but also temper 
their willpower. Besides, through the training, students can develop their team-spirit and sense of 
discipline.  
Others, however, hold the opposite view. They say that a short period of training as students 
are having now cannot work well in building up their bodies or strengthen their will. Instead, we 
should lay emphasis on their daily exercise and activities for such purpose. What’s more, a sudden 
increase of intense physical exercise, especially during summer, does harm to students’ health and 
may even cause deaths. What happened in the past years has proved this.  
Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the former point 
of view. Military training is not only a means to strengthen student’s physique and willpower, but 
also an effective way to enhance their sense of national defense and foster their patriotism. Though 
some deaths happened during the training, we should not give up eating for fear of choking. 
Besides, the deaths are perfect evidence that students need more such training. Of course, 
measures should be taken to ensure that the least harm is done to the trainees.  
 
3. Buying Lottery Tickets 
There is no denying the fact that buying lottery tickets is a hotly debated topic in China today. 
/ There is no denying the fact that buying lottery tickets is becoming popular in China today. Some 
people believe that it is beneficial in many ways. In the first place, it helps raise money for such 
groups as the poor and the disabled as well as for such causes as sports. (Thus, the heavy financial 
burden on the government will be relieved or even removed.) In the second place, lottery games 
provide people with a means of entertainment or pastime. (Without lottery games, many people 
might find nothing interesting to do. Last but not least, by buying lottery tickets, one may make a 
fortune overnight.) 
Others, however, hold the opposite view. They say that buying lottery tickets is actually a 
kind of gambling. People are encouraged to earn money through guessing instead of 
down-to-earth labor. As a result, some people are tempted to commit crimes. A case in point is the 
two bank clerks in Heibei who stole millions of money from the bank to buy lottery tickets.  
Weighing the arguments of both sides, I am inclined to agree with the former. Lottery games 
can serve as a good means to raise funds. But the ticket buyers should keep in mind the original 
purpose of such games, that is, to help the underprivileged or to contribute to public welfare. If 
they happen to win the prizes, it’s nothing but a return for their kindness.  
(Personally, I think that both sides have something right. Actually, lottery games should be 
viewed as a two-edged sword, which presents us with both benefits and troubles. But we should 
not give up eating for fear of choking. The best policy, as I see it, is to maximize their advantages 
and eliminate their unhealthy side-effects. Or in other words, we should further develop lottery 
games and exert proper supervision over them so that they can benefit us in a better way.) 
 
4．Should College Students Be Allowed to Get Married? 
There is no denying the fact that it is a hotly debated topic today whether college students 
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should be allowed to get married. Some time ago, the ban was lifted by some universities on 
students getting married. To this people’s attitudes differ sharply. Some hold the positive view. 
They say that most college students are adults and that it is a basic right for those who have 
reached the appropriate ages to get married.  
Many others, however, hold the opposite view. They claim that the university or college is a 
place to study instead of a community to lead a family life. Allowing college students to get 
married would adversely affect their study. For instance, they would spend too much time 
attending their family and love, unable to concentrate on their school work.  
As far as I am concerned, I believe that it is OK to allow college students to get married. 
Anyway, this is their freedom. Actually, we don’t have to worry too much because facts have 
shown that most college students would choose not to get married in the face of such fierce 
competition and heavy school work.   
(或 As far as I am concerned, I believe that college students should not be allowed to get 
married. Though mostly adults, they are actually immature psychologically. Their wish to get 
married is, more often than not, impulses. Besides, as students, they are not ready to support a 
family financially.  
 
5. Preferable Work 
Some people prefer to work with people. Working with people usually makes one feel 
interesting and efficient. At the same time, it can give people power and competition and provides 
rivalry which can be a very effective motive in improving one's ability. In addition, people can get 
better ideas by way of consultation and conference with other people. 
On the other hand, other people like jobs which mainly involve with objects or machine. 
They probably think that working with objects or machine will provide more peace and quiet. 
Under such peaceful conditions, one can do more practical work, improve one's skill and make 
technical renovations. 
Of these two ways of working, I prefer working with people. First of all, I like working with 
people because of companionship. Second, although there are competition and rivalry, we can 
learn something from other people even if we don't like them. 
 
6. Part-time Jobs for College Students 
There has been much controversy over part-time jobs for college students. People who are 
against it hold that the sole purpose of higher education is for the students to acquire knowledge. If 
they are engaged in part-time jobs, they will be invariably distracted from their studies and as a 
result they can not fulfill the requirements mapped out by the State Education Commission.  
The writer, however, thinks that there are several advantages for college students involved in 
part-time jobs. Firstly, part-time jobs provide opportunities for students to contact society so as to 
know the situation of the talent market. For instance, if a student works as a part-time governess, 
he or she will know what kind of professionals are urgently needed by the market and this will 
help him to choose a future job. Secondly, there are some financial gains from part-time jobs. 
Since the reform was carried out, institutions of higher education have started to collect tuition 
fees from students. Needless to say this means another financial burden on parents. And part-time 
jobs can serve as a partial solution to this problem. Last but not least, part-time jobs can cultivate 
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students' sense of independence. 
To sum up, part-time jobs can do a lot more good than bad to students as long as they can 
make best use of their time and raise the efficiency of their study. 
 
7. The Development of Private Cars 
（a） 
With the increase in the general standard of living, some ordinary Chinese families can now 
afford a car. Yet opinions on the development of a private car vary from person to person. Some 
claim that there are many advantages in possessing a car.  It gives a much greater degree of 
comfort and mobility. The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transport, and hence 
no irritation caused by waiting for buses or taxies.  With a car he can go where he likes and when 
he wants, so much so that he can enjoy his leisure to the full by making trips to the country or 
seaside on the weekends, instead of being confined to his immediate neighborhood. 
However, others strongly object to developing private cars. They maintain that as more and 
more cars are produced and run in the street, a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off, 
polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of people. In fact, private cars 
contribute to traffic congestion so greatly that the advantages gained in comfort and freedom are 
often cancelled out by the frustration caused by traffic jams. 
In spite of all the above-mentioned, I still favor owning a car. The reason is that the car gives 
a person the freedom to schedule his own time. Though we are confronted with a problem of 
energy crisis, I am sure that the real solution will have to be a new kind of car, one that uses cheap, 
efficient fuel and does not contaminate the air. 
 
(b) 
Nowadays, an increasing number of people have become car owners. Yet there is no 
consensus on the development of private cars. Some people hold the positive view. They say that 
the car is the result of modern science and technology and everyone is entitled to enjoy it. They 
also argue that the development of private cars will vigorously stimulate the development of other 
industries and the whole national economy.  
Others, however, hold the negative view. They point out that the increasing number of cars 
have led to a series of problems. First, they result in air pollution, which seriously damage 
people’s health. Secondly, too many cars on the road easily lead to traffic jams, which actually 
slow down the pace of life and work.  
Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter point of 
view. The government should put a ban on the development of private cars and exert more efforts 
to develop public transportation, such as buses and subways. In this way, we can both enjoy 
efficiency and a clean environment.  
 
（二）单一观点型 
1．The Greatest Invention in the Past Century 
When asked about the greatest invention in the past century, some people may claim that it is 
the computer; others may say it is the mobile phone; still others may say it is the automobile. In 
my opinion, however, it is the Internet.  
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Of course, the computer, or the electric brain, has greatly facilitated our mental work and 
spare us the burden of calculating, restoring and searching; the automobile saves us time and 
makes our travel more convenient and the mobile phone has got people closer. But, these are just 
the extension of human brain, legs and voice. The Internet, however,  has changed human life in 
a more fundamental way since its birth.  
First, as a newborn information delivering system, the Internet has made various 
information available at our finger's tip. Besides, Internet serves as the most convenient means for 
communication. Through Internet, people can discuss various problems and make friends. Last but 
not least, the Internet is also a faithful aid in our daily life since people can go shopping and get 
medical services online.  
To sum up, the Internet is indeed the most interesting and important invention man has ever 
made. 
 
2. College Graduates Work as Village Officials 
There is no denying the fact that it is a hotly debated topic today how college graduates 
should choose their careers. Some time ago, it was reported that some college graduates chose to 
work as village officials. To this people’s attitudes differ sharply. Some hold the positive view 
while others are against it. As far as I am concerned, I believe that it is a wise choice. 
On the one hand, college graduates can contribute a lot to the development of the countryside. 
First, they can apply their professional knowledge there. Secondly, they can introduce new 
concepts to the countryside and speed the development of rural culture. As a result, the gap 
between the city and the countryside can well be bridged.  
On the other hand, these graduates can benefit a lot from working as village officials. While 
too many college graduates are fighting for the handful of positions in big cities, these graduates 
can find themselves a wider stage of development and realize their value.  
Therefore, college graduates working as village officials is a win-win choice and more 
graduates should be encouraged to work in the countryside.  
 
3. Should Students Wear School Uniforms? 
(a) 
There is no denying the fact that it has been a controversial topic whether students should be 
made to wear uniforms. Some hold the positive view. They claim that wearing uniforms helps 
enhance students’ sense of unity and equality. Others, however, are strongly opposed to forcing 
students to wear uniforms.  
Personally, I don’t think students should wear school uniforms. Everybody is unique and each 
person may have his/her own tastes. It is impossible for everyone to appreciate the same kind of 
clothes. Besides, students need to have their own opinions even from early school age. After all, 
they have to face their own situation when they grow up. By choosing from different clothes, they 
will learn to make their own decision in life. 
Some may argue that wearing uniforms to school helps to break down the barriers between 
different socioeconomic groups. But the point is that, we can prevent them from being hurt when 
they are at school, then how will they react when learning inequalities later in life? So it's no use 
finding an excuse any more. As the society progressed, it's sensible to desert school uniforms. 
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(b) 
There is no denying the fact that it has been a controversial topic whether students should be 
made to wear uniforms. Some hold the positive view while others are strongly opposed to forcing 
students to wear uniforms.  
Personally, I believe that students should wear uniforms, for it has a number of advantages. 
First, it helps to break down the barriers between different socioeconomic groups and makes 
everyone feel the same, so students won’t be bothered their different family backgrounds. 
Secondly, wearing uniforms helps to cultivate students’ sense of commitment, affiliation and 
responsibility for one's school. Last but not least, if everyone wears school uniforms, there is no 
need for them to follow the fashion and spend too much money on luxurious clothing. Therefore, 
students will concentrate on their study. 
Of course, students can have their own tastes for clothing, but they can demonstrate them on 
weekends or holidays. Although some school uniforms are far from satisfying in their style, 
quality, or price, they can well be improved in the future and should never be reasons why we 
abandon uniforms.   
 
（三）陈述利弊型 
1. Scientific Discovery — Curse or Blessing 
A new scientific discovery nearly always means a blessing to mankind. Take electricity for 
example. Since its discovery, it has ushered in an era of countless inventions in close connection 
with it. Nowadays people can read and write by means of lights instead of candles. Fire is another 
example of discoveries which made human beings survive in ancient times and generates 
electricity in modern times. Again, minerals such as oil or coal discovered by man have long been 
used as fuel to develop industry and agriculture. 
Yet sometimes a scientific discovery may prove a curse upon the human race. As we know, 
everything has two sides. Electricity can shock one to death if used carelessly. Smoke from 
factories and gases from cars are terrible pollutants. Radium used in nuclear power plants can lead 
to a nuclear war. 
The misuse of scientific discoveries must be prevented. Since chemical elements or 
substances were discovered, some have been made use of for purpose of war. Such weapons as 
atomic bombs or poisonous gases have proved to be destructive to mankind. Therefore, it is the 
whole world's duty to prevent scientific discoveries from menacing the human race. 
 
2．Internet — A Two-edged Sword 
The Internet is playing an increasingly important role in people's life. As a newborn 
information delivering system, the Internet has made seas of information available at our fingers’ 
tips. Besides, the Internet serves as the most convenient means for communication. Through the 
Internet, people can discuss various problems and make friends who share common views.    
But just as a coin has two sides, the Internet has its own drawbacks which should not be 
neglected. First, it costs an alarming amount of money to construct the system and the cost is very 
high to most Chinese consumers. Second, it is sometimes difficult for people to find the right 
information they are looking for since there is too much rubbish on the net. Finally, it is also 
   淘宝店铺名：华西教育  阿里旺旺：智龙雁少  更多考研 四六级 资料   六级写作讲义 
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difficult to prevent the net from the invasion of criminals. 
Therefore, the Internet should be viewed as a two-edged sword, which presents us with both 
conveniences and troubles. But we should not give up eating for fear of choking. The best policy, 
as I see it, is to further develop the net and exert proper supervision over it so that it can benefit us 
in a better way. 
 
3. Studying Abroad: Hardships and Rewards 
The recent years have seen a dramatic increase in the number of Chinese studying abroad. 
Obviously, studying abroad has its rewards. In the first place, a student can have access to 
advanced science and technology as well as desirable working conditions which might not be 
available at home. In the second place, he can be exposed to entirely new ideas and trends. Last 
but not least, by living and studying in a foreign country, one can improve his foreign language 
much faster than at home. 
However, just as every coin has two sides, studying abroad may also confront one with a 
series of hardships. For one thing, learning a foreign language is far from an easy thing at the 
beginning for most people. For another, a completely new environment with different customs and 
habits may also be a barrier to overseas students, especially to the young. An added difficulty lies 
with finance: it can cost a lot to study abroad.  
From my point of view, the advantages of studying abroad outweigh its disadvantages. But it 
is a big decision to go abroad to study and one should take into consideration his financial 
conditions and his ability to adapt to new surrounding. Personally, I choose to go abroad and study 
if I find it necessary.   
 
4. Messages 
(a) 
At present, there is no doubt that short message plays an increasingly important role in our 
lives. We are all aware that, like everything else, short message have both favorable and 
unfavorable aspects.  
Generally speaking, the advantages can be listed as follows. First of all, in festivals, we can 
send short messages to wish good luck to other people we know. It brings us a lot of convenience. 
In addition, short message connects its users with the outside world. For example, some people 
subscribe weather forecast or news short messages, with them, people’s life will be greatly 
enriched.  
But it is pity that every coin has two sides. The disadvantages of short message can’t be 
ignored. We spend too much time on spelling our words and sending short messages that we can’t 
focus on our studies. Also, you will always be annoyed by strangers’ short messages one after 
another.  
As is known to all, short message is neither good nor bad itself. In my opinion, we can use it. 
But we shouldn’t spend too much time on it and don’t let it disturb us from our lives.  
 
(b) 
As we all know, angels and devils are two poles apart, but text message combines them 
perfectly. Some people take it for granted that it is a blessing, while others argue that it is a curse. 
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As I see it, there is an element of truth in both views. 
On the one hand, it brings about many benefits. First, messages received from families, 
friends and relatives often move or cheer up people, thus strengthening people’s relationships. 
Another merit of text message is that it accelerates the flow of information. One can get to know 
what others are doing more conveniently than ever possible before. 
However, on the other hand, it is never without drawbacks. To begin with, many unwanted 
and useless messages may waste people’s time or even disturb people. We expected some 
messages were vital, but they turned out to be rubbish .In addition, the appearance of text message 
also arouses people’s concern for their privacy. To be exact, people may fear that their privacy is 
invaded. 
In the final analysis, I should admit honestly that I cannot give a yes-no answer to this 
question. Maybe, we should discuss it more in the future so that a more reasonable conclusion 
could be drawn. 
 
（四） 解决问题型 
1. Food Safety 
There is no denying the fact that food safety is a grave problem with which we are confronted. 
Reports are often heard upon food products of bad quality. The most notable instances might be 
the notorious San Lu milk powder, swill-cooked dirty oil and the so-called “lean meat 
powder”.Actually, the problem has become so widespread that it has severely affected people’s 
life and hindered the development of economy. 
    A number of factors account for the problem, but poor supervision and law enforcement 
might be the leading reasons. Actually, we do have such departments as the bureau of food safety 
supervision and administration and the bureau of industry and commerce in various levels of the 
government, but they are not really functioning or fulfilling their duties. 
In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. First, it is high time that pertinent laws and regulations were worked out and rigidly 
enforced to crack down on any production and circulation of substandard food products. 
Meanwhile, inactive and incompetent civil servants should be immediately purged from the team 
of food safety supervision and administration. Only with these measures taken can we expect a 
bright future of this nation.  
 
2. Water Shortage 
No one can have failed to notice the fact that water shortage is a grave problem with which 
the whole world is confronted. Actually, it has become so widespread that it has severely affected 
people’s daily life and hindered the development of the global economy. 
A number of factors could account for the problem, but the following might be the critical 
ones. First, with the development of agriculture and industry, an increasing amount of water is 
needed. Secondly, the ever-increasing population is another leading cause of water shortage. 
Besides, the global tendency of warming up also contributes to the problem. What’s worse, 
pollution and waste of fresh water aggravate the situation. 
In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. First, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to protect water 
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resources. Secondly, people should enhance their awareness of saving water. With these measures 
taken, it is reasonable for us to expect a brighter future.   
 
3. Sandstorms 
There is no denying the fact that sandstorms have become a grave problem with which we are 
confronted. Reports are often heard upon sandstorms attacking North China and other parts of the 
world. Actually, sandstorms have become so widespread that they have severely affected people’s 
daily life and hindered the development of economy. 
A number of factors could account for the rampancy of sandstorms, but the following might 
be the most critical ones. In the first place, overgrazing and clear-cutting have devastated the 
vegetation in formerly green mountains and plains. Consequently, desert has spread and become 
the major source of sandstorms. In the second place, the bare construction cites in cities also 
contribute to sandstorms.  
In view of the seriousness of the situation, effective measures must be taken immediately 
before things get worse. In the first place, it is imperative that pertinent laws be worked out and 
rigidly enforced to protect vegetation. In the second place, a deep-going, widespread and 
ever-lasting campaign should be launched to enhance people’s awareness of environmental 
protection. With proper laws and an alert public, it will only be a matter of time before sandstorms 
become things of the past.  
 
4. College Students’ Job Hunting 
There is no denying the fact that job hunting is a grave problem with which college graduates 
are confronted. Reports are often heard upon the number of students who fail to find a job on 
graduation. Actually, the problem has become so widespread that it has severely affected the 
graduates’ life and hindered the development of economy. 
    A number of factors account for the problem, but the following are the most critical ones. 
First, in recent years, colleges and universities have enrolled so many students that the number of 
graduates are far greater than the need in the market. Secondly, many graduates would rather stay 
in large cities without suitable jobs to do than go to small towns or the country. Last but not least, 
the ongoing financial crisis and economic depression aggravate the difficulty in job-seeking. 
In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. For one thing, it is essential that the government create more job opportunities by all means. 
For another, graduates should change their attitude towards employment and go to work in small 
cities and the country. With these measures taken, we have reasons to believe that the problem can 
be solved in the near future. 
 
5. How to Solve Energy Crisis 
(a) 
Man is faced with a grave problem—the energy crisis, which is becoming increasingly 
serious. First, with the increase in the world's population, the demand for fuels is growing steadily. 
Second, the rapid development of industry and agriculture calls for an increasing amount of coal, 
oil and natural gas. 
Confronted with the energy crisis, we should take a series of effective measures to save 
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energy. For one thing, it is high time that people all over the world realized the severe fact that our 
natural resources have been fixed since the earth was created. For another, the governments of all 
countries are supposed to lay down the rules and regulations to restrict the amount of gas used by 
cars. Finally, scientific researches should be encouraged to work out efficient methods of saving 
fuels and to seek new sources of energy. 
Personally, I believe that solar energy is a possible source of clean, inexpensive and abundant 
energy. It does not pollute the environment and costs only as much as the installation of solar 
panels to absorb the sun's rays. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us 
because solar energy will be able to help us to solve the energy crisis. 
 
(b) 
Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that the energy crisis has been a grave problem 
with which we are confronted. Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list. 
Reports are often heard about the shortage of coal, gas or electrical power. The rising price of gas 
has long been a great concern and even a headache for people who own cars. 
The causes of the energy crisis are quite obvious. First, with the increase in the world's 
population, the demand for fuels is growing steadily. Second, the rapid development of industry 
and agriculture calls for an increasing amount of coal, oil and natural gas. 
In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. First, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to ban the waste 
of energy. Secondly, the public should enhance their awareness of saving energy and other 
resources. With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that the problem will be 
solved in the near future.  
 
6. Fire Accidents in Big Cities 
(a) 
In recent years there has been a marked growth of fire accidents in big cities of our country. 
Almost every day we see fire engines rushing through streets. Fires have not only resulted in 
heavy economic losses but also injured and killed many people. 
What are the causes of fire accidents? Most of the fires are brought about by carelessness and 
violation of fire safety regulations. Others are due to the poor quality of home electrical appliances. 
By the way, some people don't know how to use them properly. Besides, there are quite a few 
businesses which focus so much of their attention on profits that they tend to neglect and even 
ignore fire precautions. 
In my opinion, in order to prevent fires we should first of all foster people's sense of fire 
prevention. The second thing we have to do is to increase the number of professional fire fighters, 
to whom regular training courses should be offered. Finally, we are to improve the existing fire 
engines and add more fire facilities to high-rise buildings. In this way, a reliable fire prevention 
system will be formed. 
 
(b) 
Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that the rise in the number of fire accidents in big 
cities has been a grave problem with which we are confronted. Taking a look around, we can find 
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examples too numerous to list. Reports are often heard about serious fire accidents in bars, KTV 
houses, etc, which often lead to grievous losses of lives and property.  
The causes of those fire accidents are quite obvious. Most of the fires are brought about by 
carelessness and violation of fire safety regulations. Others are due to the poor quality of home 
electrical appliances. By the way, some people don't know how to use them properly. Besides, 
there are quite a few businesses which focus so much of their attention on profits that they tend to 
neglect and even ignore fire precautions. 
In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. First, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to ban behaviors 
leading to fires. Secondly, the public should enhance their awareness of preventing fires and 
protecting themselves. With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that the 
problem will be solved in the near future.  
 
（五）谚语警句型 
1. Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way 
A well-known proverb goes that “where there is a will, there is a way”, which means that 
one can find a way to success as long as he or she has a strong will. With a strong will, one can 
focus all his energy on one point, which makes his success possible. Without a strong will, 
however, one can be easily distracted from his goal or discouraged by setbacks, which leads to his 
ultimate failure.  
History abounds with examples of strong-willed figures winning success. Actually, there is 
no better illustration of the proverb than the deeds of Gou Jian, king of Yue in ancient China. 
Defeated by Fu Chai, king of Wu, Gou tried every means possible to steel his will. Eventually, 
with the help of Fan Li and Xi Shi, he managed to rebuild his country and his armies and had Fu 
Chai taste the bitterness of failure.  
In short, a strong will is essential if we want to make achievements in our studies or work, or 
indeed in any other aspect of our lives. One should lose no chance to strength his will and 
remember, God helps those who help themselves. 
 
2． Practice Makes Perfect  
A well-known proverb goes “Practice makes perfect”, which means that perfection lies in 
practice. Without practice, you can never expect to be really good at anything. On the contrary, the 
more you practice, the more likely you are to do things in a perfect way. 
Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list. The study of English is a 
case in point. If you wish to improve your pronunciation, you must practice pronouncing every 
English syllable again and again. Likewise, if you want to write an excellent composition, you 
have to sit down and write. 
Another example is Deng Yaping, the world No. 1 woman Ping-pong player. This short girl, 
who does not seem to be cut out for sports, owes her success to painstaking and perseverant 
practice.  
In short, practice is essential if we want to make achievements in our studies or work, or 
indeed in any other aspect of our life. Practice, to some degree, can make the difference between 
being merely good at something and becoming a champion. 
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（六）图表图画型 
1. The Increase in the Number of Students Attending Graduate Entrance Exams 
It can be seen from the chart that there have been sharp increases in the number of students 
attending graduate entrance exams in University X in the past decade. As the chart shows, the year 
1998 witnessed only 2,900 students taking part in the exams. In 2004, the number soared to nearly 
four thousand. In 2010, far more people prepared themselves for graduate study.  
A number of factors could account for the change in the chart, but the following might be the 
critical ones. First, due to the spreading financial crisis and economic recession in the past years, 
the number of job vacancies has been on a sharp decline. Secondly, as a result of expanded 
enrollments in many colleges and universities, the number of graduates has rocketed in China, 
which adds to the fierceness of competition in the job market. Last but not least, relevant state 
policies and the boom of higher education provide students with more opportunities to go after 
higher degrees.  
Personally, I would not pursue graduate study right upon graduation from college. The main 
reason is that I have not made up my mind on the field to major in. But I really deem it necessary 
for me to secure a master degree. So I would set my goal while I am working.  
 
2. Fighting Drug Abuse 
It can be seen from the charts that drug abuse has become a grave problem in China. As we 
can see from the first chart on the left, in 1995, there were only slightly more than 200 thousand 
drug addicts, while in 2010 the number soared to over 1,000 thousand. The other chart conveys a 
more shocking message: about 70 percent of the drug addicts in China now are young people aged 
under 35.  
A number of factors could account for this dramatic change, but the following might be the 
most critical ones. In the first place, as China opens its door to the outside world, its people tend to 
be influenced by western values and life styles. More or less, the drug addicts in China are 
imitating their counterparts in the U.S. and other western industrialized countries. For another, 
with China transforming from a planned economy to a market-oriented one, there has appeared a 
vacuum in people’s faiths, especially in the youngsters’ faiths. Confronted with increasingly fierce 
competition in study and work, many of them resort to drug abuse as a way of relaxation.   
In view of the seriousness of the situation, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. For one thing, it is imperative that pertinent laws should be worked out and rigidly 
enforced to crack down on drug dealing, cutting off the supply of drugs. For another, a deep-going 
and ever-lasting campaign should be launched to help the young establish the right philosophy and 
world view. Only with these measures taken can we expect a brighter future. 
 
 
 
第四章、六级写作新题型反思 
（一）六级写作命题新动向 
1.写作题型变化：  2011年12月作文中没有给出提纲 
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2011年12月之前作文命题中都会给出提纲 
 
2.写作应对方法 
&万变不离其宗——按照写作要求写 
  即便没有提纲，只要不跑题即可 
例如：2012年12月的作文 
 
3.冲刺讲义新变化 
 
4.没有提纲，如何确定使用哪个模板 
 （1）什么样的题不给提纲——有争议（疑问句） 
      解决问题型：往往都是坏事，稍微有热度的话题 
 
（二）六级写作题型变化原因 
1.使新题型更新颖，更具有挑战性 
2.使写作内容多样化，利于阅卷 
3.使写作更有难度 
4.借鉴雅思的出题形式 
2011 年 12 月六级写作范文及写作标准 
For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write an essay entitled The Way to Success 
by commenting on Abraham Lincoln’s famous remark, “Give me six hours to chop down a tree, 
and I will spend the first four sharpening the axe.” You should write at least 150 words but no 
more than 200 words. 
本次作文阅卷注意事项： 
1. 本次作文话题既考理解，又考表达，包括以下两部分： 
（1） The way to success (2) comment on Lincoln’s remark 
如果只谈第一部分，没有第二部分的评论， 高不超过 9 分。 
一定要把林肯的话直接或间接地说出来，同意与否无所谓。即“磨刀不误砍柴工”的观
点应表达出来。 
如没有提到林肯的话，但明白其中的含义，文中围绕 preparation 来谈，适当降一个档
次，或 2-3 分。 
2. 关于内容的表述： 
14 分的作文一定要完全切题，对题目的要求即 preparation 对重要性理解充分，一定要
有核心的内容。 
11 分的作文提到了林肯的话，但可能从广义上去理解 sharpening the axe。 
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8 分的作文提到了林肯的话，但理解不一定正确 
5 分的作文基本切题，只要能够写出 the way to success 就可以。 
3. 其他结合语言综合给分 
高分策略：1.字体优美，段落明朗 
2.卷面整洁，篇幅够长 
3.内容完整，紧扣提纲 
4.首保正确，再求闪光 
5.语言简略，不要跑题 
 
各段Range Finders: 
14 points 
14 分范文点评： 
字体优美，段落明朗：三段式结构，很清楚 
篇幅够长：范文字数符合要求 
             180 多字(在 150 字至 200 字之间) 
             非常恰当 
内容完整，紧扣提纲：完全按照题目要求写，首段就评论了林肯的话 
Abraham Lincoln once said, “Give me six hours to chop down a tree,and I will spend the 
first hour sharpening the axe.” In my opinion, this remark can be interpreted in this way: If you 
want to successfully achieve a certain goal, you must be well prepared for it at first. A good 
preparation onvolves sufficient learning, good strategies, and a healthy mentality. 
To be well prepared, you must first equip youself with the required knowledge and skills. 
Only in this way can you move smoothly in all kinds of tough and complex situations. In the 
process of preparation, you will formulate good strategies which can contribute to reducing the 
potential mistakes, thus leading to higher efficiency. Finally, you must learn to cultivate a healthy 
mentality. You must be fully prepared for the possible setbacks you may encounter and devote 
yourself wholeheartedly to whatever goal you pursue. 
In a word, Success comes to those who are well prepared for it. The way to get prepared is 
also a way to improve you yourself. By sparing no effort to “sharpen your axe”, you will 
successfully arrive at your destination. 
整篇文章是总分总结构： 
首段提出观点和建议 
第二段详细解释具体的建议 
末端再次强调观点，结构很清晰 
11 points 
     “Give me six hours to chop down a tree, and I will spend the first four sharpening the axe.” 
This remark of Abraham Lincoln’s may sound ridiculous at first, but it is actually right. 
     In my opinion, the way to success is to make preparations before the final action, because 
good preparation can improve one’s efficiency. Sharpening the axe may take four hours, but it will 
only take us a short time to chop down a tree with a sharpened axe. Otherwise, it may require 
more than six hours’ time to finish the job as the axe is really ineffective. 
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     Good preparation means both tools and plan. Before we start to do something, we must have 
a good plan in detain. A plan can help us to manage the time and resources. When both tools and 
plan are ready, we will start to do our job with confidence. 
     In conclusion, the way to success is to prepare well. We can only pass the exam we have 
well prepared, we can only chop down a tree with a axe well prepared. Good preparation is the 
way to success. 
8 points 
Abraham Lincoln used to made a remark on how to achieve success. He said, “give me six 
hours to chop down a tree, and I will spend the first four sharpening the axe.” This has revealed 
the importance of making preparation to the way to success. 
The knowledge and ability one need in order to do a great job is just an axe to chop down tree. 
Students either need varies kinds of skills or need to be very skillful in one area in order to achieve 
their career success. However, some of us are just too eager to prove themselves. They are willing 
to find a job right after graduation, even start to take part in all kinds of unions and communities 
even when they are under-graduates. 
It’s the big time to learn knowledges and skills for us students. Only you have made yourself 
well prepared can you do a greater job on your way to success. Don’t think that making 
preparation will waste your time and influence the effect of your work. Sharper axe can chop 
much faster, so is good preparation in future career life.   
 
5 points 
Every one has a dream to be a hero. But there are a few individuals can be success. That’s 
why? Maybe they could not find the best way to success. 
As Abraham Lincoln said, “Give me six hours to chop down a tree, and I will spend the first 
four sharpening the axe.” We should find the best way to chose it. As to Lincoln, the best way is to 
prepare fully. And it is vital significance for fighting to success to ourselves. 
Firstly, the good preparing is the good beginning for completing the task. As we known, 
every building was built on the based subjects. The good beginning will help us to achieve the 
aims earlier and easier. 
Secondly, we can find both the advantages and disadvantages when we do preparing 
something. And then, we can do something to avoid the expression of disadvantages. 
As far as I am concerned, we should do fully preparing before starting a task. The preparing 
should be including the thoughts, the ananrys and others. Besides, we should find other ways 
fitting for ourselves and fight to success along the best way.  
2 points 
Everyone want to success and everybody desir success, but in our world, although there are 
many people successed, also many people losed, so I think the successful people are find the way 
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to success, and losed people can’t find the way to success. Why some people are successed. 
Because they are find the right way, then they hard work. 
The way to success. Should we persistent our right way. We can’t walk into the short way 
because the resualts is obvious we abosolute losed, like a children just can walk slowly, but the 
children want run, he must down. 
The success is give the person who prepared. The phrase is mean. If we have hard work and 
we find the right way we also need a very important thing, the thing is chance. In our world, 
everyone have same chance. Some people prepared and they catched the chance. So they are 
successed. When the chance came, some people not prepared and not catch the chance. They 
perhaps losed. 
All in All, the way to success like a challenge, the winner not won so easy. One pain, one 
gain. 
 
点评：这 5 篇范文虽然都没有跑题，导致他们分数差别如此之大的原因使语言水平。除了 2
分篇没有提到林肯的话，其地都提到了。 
 
 
第五章、作文分类模板讲解 
六、六级作文分类 
单一观点型 
陈述利弊型 
其他类型 
（一）对立观点型 
 一般这种情况，先提出现象和自己观点，然后分析，再次给出自己观点 
Currently, a number of schools allow students to grade their teachers and even decide if the 
teachers can teach on or not. This has given rise to a heated debate, with some approving of the 
practice and others strongly opposed to it. Now discuss both views and give your own opinion 
（二）单一观点型 
 主要写自己的内容，一般运用总分总的结构 
 具体步骤：1.别人；2.自己；3.总结 
（三）陈述利弊型 
  注重与对立观点型的区别：要着重写自己的观点，而不是大众的观点。 
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled 
Consumption of Luxuries in China. You should write at least 150 words according to the 
information given below. 
近年来中国的奢侈品消费越来越多，对此有人赞成，有人反对。你的看法如何？写出你
的观点和理由。 
（八）其他观点型 
 有些类型比较特别，不要生搬硬套模板，灵活按照写作要求。  
Directions: In this part, you are to write a composition of no less than 150 words about 
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“ College Graduates Work as Village Officials ” according to the outline given below： 
  1. Do you think it is a good idea? 
2. What can they offer the countryside? 
3. What can they gain from their village positions? 
Write a short essay entitled volunteering activities. You should write at least 200 words follo
wing the outline given below. 
 1. 越来越多的人从事志愿者工作  
2. 志愿者工作的社会意义 
 3. 我个人的经历或打算 
 
七、六级英语作文参考范文 上 
（一）对立观点型 
1. Is it up to students to evaluate teachers? 
Is It Up to Students to Evaluate Teachers?            
Reports have been frequently heard about universities allowing students to   evaluate their tea
chers and even decide if they can stay on their positions or not. To this practice, people’s attitudes 
differ a lot.   
On the one hand, some people are totally for this approach of evaluation and state the followi
ng reasons. In the first place, they assert that students are the people who know the most clearly ab
out the teaching performance of a teacher, so they should have the say in evaluating him or her. In 
the second place, they contend that students have paid for their education, so they have the right to
 decide which teacher should be employed.            
On the other hand, however, others point out that it is dangerous to leave the right to students 
to evaluate teachers. For one thing, students may not know what ought to be taught and how it sho
uld be taught; they may only judge a teacher according to   his temper and even accent or appearan
ce. For another, in order to please students, some teachers may resort to some improper means.     
Personally, I believe that both views are justifiable, and we should achieve a balance between
 them by employing the evaluating approach in a reasonable and beneficial   way. To be specific, st
udents should be allowed to evaluate their teachers, but they may not be the only decision-maker 
in the teacher’s fate. 
3. Buying Lottery Tickets 
There is no denying the fact that buying lottery tickets is a hotly debated topic in China today. 
/ There is no denying the fact that buying lottery tickets is becoming popular in China today. Some 
people believe that it is beneficial in many ways. In the first place, it helps raise money for such 
groups as the poor and the disabled as well as for such causes as sports. (举例子，万能填充
法.)(Thus, the heavy financial burden on the government will be relieved or even removed.) In the 
second place, lottery games provide people with a means of entertainment or pastime. (Without 
lottery games, many people might find nothing interesting to do. Last but not least, by buying 
lottery tickets, one may make a fortune overnight.) 
Others, however, hold the opposite view. They say that buying lottery tickets is actually a 
kind of gambling. People are encouraged to earn money through guessing instead of 
down-to-earth labor. As a result, some people are tempted to commit crimes. A case in point is the 
two bank clerks in Heibei who stole millions of money from the bank to buy lottery tickets.  
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Weighing the arguments of both sides, I am inclined to agree with the former. Lottery games 
can serve as a good means to raise funds. But the ticket buyers should keep in mind the original 
purpose of such games, that is, to help the underprivileged or to contribute to public welfare. If 
they happen to win the prizes, it’s nothing but a return for their kindness.  
(Personally, I think that both sides have something right. Actually, lottery games should be 
viewed as a two-edged sword, which presents us with both benefits and troubles. But we should 
not give up eating for fear of choking. The best policy, as I see it, is to maximize their advantages 
and eliminate their unhealthy side-effects. Or in other words, we should further develop lottery 
games and exert proper supervision over them so that they can benefit us in a better way.) 
平分秋色法 
2. Should Students Be Allowed to Live off Campus? 
As far as I am concerned, I believe that college students should be allowed to live off campus. 
In the first place, most of them are adults and should have the freedom to choose where to live. In 
the second place, the living conditions offered by many universities are far from desirable. As long 
as students themselves can afford it, they should be free to choose a better living environment. 
同义替换法 
4. TV Talent Show——A Good Thing or Bad? 
5. Keeping Pets 
Personally, I believe that we should not go to extremes. On the one hand, we should allow 
people to keep pets; on the other hand, we should take measures to solve the problems caused by 
pets. This can be done by banning pets from public places. In addition, large and dangerous pets 
should be restricted to special areas.（平分秋色法） 
或 UWeighing the arguments of both sides, I am inclined to agree with the latter.U Anyway, we 
can lessen our loneliness and express our love toward animals in other ways. And it is my belief 
that only by placing man and other species on an equal basis can we expect to have a lively and 
colorful world. （提出建议法或论据反驳法） 
 
（二）单一观点型 
4. 平分秋色法 
It is a universal practice to put criminals into prison or sentence them to death. But nowadays 
there is a voice that they should be offered education and job training in place of imprisonment. 
Personally, I believe that both measures are essential in transforming those who have committed 
crimes into useful members of society. 
On the one hand, imprisonment is indispensable. Conspicuously, it is a punishment to 
criminals for whatever injuries they have inflicted upon others or society. It is the price they have 
to pay for their misbehavior or wrong concepts. It is just the loss of freedom for a certain period of 
time that can force them ponder over what they have done and how they have affected others life. 
Only in this way can they remember their fault deeply and refrain from committing the same 
mistake in the future. 
On the other hand, education and job training are also necessary. Actually, imprisonment is 
just a means instead of an end. The ultimate purpose of prison should be turning criminals into 
harmless but useful members of community. Imaginably, if criminals only stay in prison playing 
and chatting, not only will they not regret deeply enough, but they face the danger of losing the 
ability to work and reenter society. 
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Taking all the above mentioned into consideration, we may safely come to the conclusion that 
both imprisonment and education and job training are essential to criminals. Actually, they can 
well be combined and achieved at the same time. Specifically, while staying in custody, prisoners 
should be allowed and even be obliged to accept education and job training. Only in this way can 
they keep pace with society and become valuable members of it. 
2. Consumption of Luxuries in China 
There is no denying the fact that, in some cases, the use of luxury articles is for the purpose 
of showoff and is adverse to the cultivation of healthy social values. However, this should not be 
the reason to object to the total industry of luxuries. As it is impossible to wipe out the income 
difference, it is equally pointless to condemn the consumption of luxuries. What we should do is to 
refrain from going after luxury articles without consideration of our financial conditions. 
 
八、六级英语作文参考范文 下 
（二）单一观点型（主要写自己的观点，偶尔也平分秋色） 
 1. Higher Entry Fees Should Be Charged during Peak Travel Seasons 
 A recent newspaper report goes that many famous sites of historical interest in China have 
begun or are considering charging tourists higher entry fees during peak travel seasons. This has 
aroused a lot of public attention and also public debate. Some people claim that it is reasonable 
and acceptable. Nevertheless, other people are strongly opposed to it.   
Personally, I am in favor of this practice, and I base my view on the following facts. In the 
first place, the relics in the sites of historical interest are precious and fragile, and usually need 
professional preservation, which turns out to be an expensive work that constantly demands 
resources. Therefore, entry fees must be charged. In the second place, higher fees can stop some 
people’ visits so as to better protect the valuable relics. During peak travel seasons, there is no 
better measure than raising the entry fees to reduce the number of tourists. Last but not least, 
charging higher fees can help ensure tourists’ safety. It is obvious that some people will give up 
their visits considering the higher fees, so that the sites will not be too crowded.  
In view of what was mentioned above, I am of the opinion that it is reasonable and acceptable 
for famous sites of historical interest to charge higher entry fees during peak travel seasons. We 
should understand and support this practice 
3. My View on Plastic Surgery 
Almost no one can have failed to notice the fact that the past years witnessed a mounting num
ber of people undergoing plastic surgery. To this phenomenon the public’s opinions differ consider
ably. Some show sympathy and understanding whereas others pour harsh criticism and even conde
mnation over it. Personally, I am an opponent of plastic surgery, and I base my position on the foll
owing reasons. 
In the first place, I deem that physical appearances are always of less great importance than in
ner beauty and practical ability. There is rarely any recruiter enrolling a prospective employee mer
ely according to her appearances; in the same way, it is hard to imagine a man laying more emphas
is on the face than other aspects of a future wife. In the second place, I am definitely opposed to th
e concept that there is an established norm of beauty. Instead, I hold that beauty, even in the physic
al sense, manifests itself in varied ways. There is absolutely no need for every young lady to have 
her facial features changed to conform to a so-called standard. It is horrible even to think of the sit
uation that all women resemble Marilyn Monroe or Zhang Ziyi. Last but not least, as is well know
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n, plastic surgery can be very dangerous, resulting in some irreversible injuries. 
To sum up, I am of the opinion that plastic surgery is unnecessary. We should focus more on 
our inner world and try to attract others with our personality and intelligence. 
 
（三）陈述利弊型 
 1. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Micro Blog 
 There is no denying the fact that micro blog has gained increasing popularity in people’s dail
y life in the past years. As we can see, people of varied ages, occupations and social ranks have the
ir own blogs. They are somewhat like their online diaries. 
Truly, micro blog has some attractive traits. The most noticeable one is that one can share his 
or her own feelings and thoughts with many others. In this sense, a blog is like diaries one has pub
lished about himself. Compared with traditional books, blogs have some advantages. For one thing
they can be both in the form of words and pictures or videos.  
For another, one can, to some extent, choose his readers or communicate with others in a 
private way.   
However, as every coin has two sides, the blog also has some drawbacks. First, some authors 
attack others in their articles and infringe upon others’ rights. Secondly, since the blog is not a real 
book, the intellectual property rights of the writer cannot be well protected.  
To sum up, the blog is like a two-edged sword, which has both merits and flaws. Of course, w
e should not give up eating for fear of choking. Instead, we should exert proper supervision over it
 and let it serve us better.  
（四）解决问题型 
 1. Seat-taking on Campus 提出问题，分析问题，解决问题 
 There is probably no college campus in China that is immune to the phenomenon of taking 
seats, especially in the study hall and the library. Raising the issue to almost any college students, 
you will get warm responses. He or she either has performed the practice, or has suffered from it, 
or both. 
The bad influence of such practice is self-evident: it directly results in the waste of study 
resources. Though it can work to the interest of some students, it is a sheer infringement upon 
others’ right to study facilities. 
But what has led to such a phenomenon on earth? A careful inspection may reveal more than 
one cause, but the leading one should be the conflict between supplies and demands for study 
resources. Along with the expansion of the enrollment of college students, the supplies of 
educational facilities are increasingly under strain. 
To tackle the problem, a package of measures needs to be taken. First and foremost, the 
whole state and institutions of higher education should exert their effort to meet the needs of 
increasing students while they are enlarging the enrollment. Besides, the management of 
universities should shoulder the responsibility of ensuring students a desirable study environment 
by banning seat-taking. Last but not least, students themselves should be aware of the 
consequence of the practice and take the initiative to resist it. 
 5. Food Safety 
 There is no denying the fact that food safety is a grave problem with which we are 
confronted. Reports are often heard upon food products of bad quality. The most notable instances 
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might be the notorious San Lu milk powder, swill-cooked dirty oil and the so-called “lean meat 
powder”. Actually, the problem has become so widespread that it has severely affected people’s 
life and hindered the development of economy. 
    A number of factors account for the problem, but poor supervision and law enforcement 
might be the leading reasons. Actually, we do have such departments as the bureau of food safety 
supervision and administration and the bureau of industry and commerce in various levels of the 
government, but they are not really functioning or fulfilling their duties. 
In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get 
worse. First, it is high time that pertinent laws and regulations were worked out and rigidly 
enforced to crack down on any production and circulation of substandard food products. 
Meanwhile, inactive and incompetent civil servants should be immediately purged from the team 
of food safety supervision and administration. Only with these measures taken can we expect a 
bright future of this nation.  
（五）谚语警句型 
    The More I learn, the More Ignorant I Find Myself to Be 
 A famous saying goes “The more I learn, the more ignorant I find myself to be”. Simple as 
the saying is, its meaning is profound and thought-provoking. It is meant to tell us that learning is 
endless. There are always things for us to learn about, and there is no reason for one to feel content 
or complacent. 
 Taking a look around, we can find examples too many to enumerate. Here I can think of no 
better illustration of the proverb than the experience of my own. As soon as I was enrolled in 
college, I felt a big burden off my mind. So did my classmates. We just wanted to relax. But at our 
first English lesson on how to improve our study the teacher told us, “There is no end to learning. 
The only thing you can do is to work hard to learn more.” The teacher's words awakened me and 
reminded me of the importance of continuous learning. The more I learn and experience, the more 
I realize how little I know. Therefore, I keep on my studies with an aim to pass CET-6.    
 Bringing what has been discussed into a conclusion, we may say that study is an endless 
thing and we should be modest and persistent with our study. In a word, we should truly 
understand the profound meaning of the proverb and take the right actions in our life and work in 
the future. 
（六）图表图画型 
 1.The Increase in the Number of Students Attending Graduate Entrance Exams  
It can be seen from the chart that there have been sharp increases in the number of students 
attending graduate entrance exams in University X in the past decade. As the chart shows, the year 
1998 witnessed only 2,900 students taking part in the exams. In 2004, the number soared to nearly 
four thousand. In 2010, far more people prepared themselves for graduate study.  
A number of factors could account for the change in the chart, but the following might be the 
critical ones. First, due to the spreading financial crisis and economic recession in the past years, 
the number of job vacancies has been on a sharp decline. Secondly, as a result of expanded 
enrollments in many colleges and universities, the number of graduates has rocketed in China, 
which adds to the fierceness of competition in the job market. Last but not least, relevant state 
policies and the boom of higher education provide students with more opportunities to go after 
higher degrees.  
Personally, I would not pursue graduate study right upon graduation from college. The main 
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reason is that I have not made up my mind on the field to major in. But I really deem it necessary 
for me to secure a master degree. So I would set my goal while I am working. 
 3. On the Relationship between People 
 This is a simple but meaningful drawing. // This is an artfully designed and 
thought-provoking drawing. As we can see, the man living on the upper floor of a building is 
watering a plant, whose roots have grown downward so far that they have barred the window of an 
old man living downstairs, making his apartment a prison. 
Simple as the drawing is, the message it conveys is profound and far-reaching. Some people 
tend to base their own happiness on other’s bitterness. Actually, our society abounds with such 
people. It never too rare to see some people walking their dogs outdoors and let them shit 
everywhere. Nor is it to find some honking the horn of their cars while driving in the street, 
disturbing people living around. Actually, what these people do has more or less infringed upon 
other’s interest. They should either be condemned or be punished.  
To sum up, this picture is indeed instructive. It is essential to take others’ benefits into 
consideration if we want to see a harmonious society. As is often advocated, we should regard it as 
an honor to help each other and a shame to benefit oneself at the expense of others 
（七）书信型 
 
备考关键：VIP(vary, input, practice) 
 
附：英文字母大小写规则 
英文中字母大写的情况主要有以下两种。 
1．题目中第一个字母和实词（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词）首字母大写。 
例：A Day in 2009, Keeping Pets, Should Students Be Allowed to Live off Campus?  
 
2．文章中句首字母（即每个句号、问号和感叹号之后第一个字母）和专有名词（人名、
地名、时间名、报刊杂志名、组织机构名等）的实词首字母大写。 
例： 
1）人名： Li Ming, Li Xiaoming, Zhuge Liang（与人名连用的表示称呼、称号或职务
的名词首字母也要大写，如 Mr. Smith, Dr. Brown） 
2）地名：Asia, China, Beijing, Shandong 
（由国家名变来表示“某国的”,“某国人”或“某国语”的词词首字母也要大写，如
Chinese, Japanese； 构成地名或与地名连用的普通词词首字母也大写，如 the Great 
Wall, Tian’anmen Square） 
3）时间名：May, Sunday, Christmas, New Year’s Eve, the Mid-autumn Festival 
4）报刊杂志名：Time, the Economist, the Washington Post, China Daily 
5）组织机构名：the United Nations, the People’s Republic of China, the Communist Party  
 
 
六级汉译英讲义 
一、 考试大纲 
根据教育部 新的六级考试大纲中公布的评分标准，“汉译英翻译”部分共设 5 题，考试
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时间 5 分钟，分值占考试总分数的 5%。要求译文全局结构正确、自然、通顺、流畅且符合
英语表达习惯，恰当把握与处理句子的难点，达到翻译的要求，例如词组、被动语态、特殊
句型、从句的翻译等。一个句子是否能够正确翻译，取决于这个句子中的一些关键词、词组、
句型以及语法结构的正确理解与自然表达。 
 
翻     译 
1. 四级翻译真题考点亦应全面掌握 
2. 规律性考点：语法和搭配 
3. 语法书应具备的特点： 
（1）全面（包括 基础语法的讲解） 
（2）有练习（非中、高考应试练习） 
商务印书馆：HU《英语语法手册》UH（薄冰修订第 5 版） 
上海外语教育出版社：《大学英语》系列教材之 HU《语法 UHHU与练习 UHH》 
见“补充资料之汉译英专项练习七” 
4. 关键词与搭配考查范围及重点： 
《大学英语积极词汇》 
（1）动词 + 介词 
（2）动词 + 名词 
（3）介词 + 名词  
 
二、 大纲样题 
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. 
 
  72.It was essential that _______________(我们在月底签订合同)。 
  73.To our delight, she ________________(进大学一个月就适应了校园生活)。 
  74.The new government was accused_____________________(未实现其降低失业率的承
诺)。 
  75.The workmen think ___________________(遵守安全规则很重要)。 
  76.The customer complained that no sooner_______________(他刚试着使用这台机器，它
就不运转了)。 
 
参考答案： 
   72.we sign the contract before the end of the month 
  73.adapted(herself) to campus life a month after entering college 
  74.of failure to fulfill its promise to reduce the unemployment rate 
  75.it very important to comply with /follow the safety regulations 
  76.had he tried using the machine than it stopped working 
 
三、汉译英评分标准 
对译文的主要要求是“正确”和“表达清楚”，对英语译文的其他方面不做过高的要求。具
体细节如下： 
1) 整体内容和语言均正确，得 1 分 
2) 结构正确，但整体意思不确切或信息不全，得 0.5 分 
3) 整体意思正确但语言有错误（包括用词不当），得 0.5 分 
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4) 整体意思完全错误，即使结构正确也不得分 
5) 添加不必要的词语时，如不影响句义，不扣分;如影响句义，应扣分。 
6) 大小写错误及标点符号忽略不计 
7) 一题二译时，只按第一个译文给分。 
 
例： 
2007 年 12 月 82 题 
But for mobile phones, ______________ (我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便). 
  
1.应试原则 
手法灵活（如遇难译之处，换用其它相近说法表达） 
语法正确（避免时态、语态、单复数等语法错误） 
内容忠实（必须把原文的内容准确而完整地表达出来，不得有任何歪曲、遗漏或增删） 
语言闪光（译文符合英语表达习惯，且用词准确、多样） 
 
1 分 
1) our communication couldn’t / wouldn’t be so fast and convenient 
2) our communication couldn’t / wouldn’t have been so fast and convenient 
3) we couldn’t communicate so fast and conveniently 
4) it would be impossible for our communication to be so quick/rapid and convenient 
5) we could not get in touch with each other so quickly and conveniently 
  
0.5 分 
1) our communication won’t be so fast and convenient 
2) our communication had not been so fast and convenient 
3) the communication between us would not have been so fast and convienent 
4) our communications won’t be ripaid and convenient 
  
0 分 
1) our information doesn’t so fast and confent 
2) our mobile transfer can’t so quickly and candy 
 
四、汉译英应试原则和做题程序 
1.应试原则 
手法灵活（如遇难译之处，换用其它相近说法表达） 
语法正确（避免时态、语态、单复数等语法错误） 
内容忠实（必须把原文的内容准确而完整地表达出来，不得有任何歪曲、遗漏或增删） 
语言闪光（译文符合英语表达习惯，且用词准确、多样） 
 
2.做题程序 
1．理解  通读并透彻理解原文含义 
2．翻译  确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词  
3．审校  首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容，是否有错译和漏译；其次，检查是否
有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等。发
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现错误，及时改正。 
 
五、汉译英历年真题 
2010 年 12 月 
82. There is no denying that you ______________ (越仔细越好) in dealing with this matter. 
83. Only when I reached my thirties __________________ (我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的). 
84. Much ________________ (使研究人员感到惊讶)，the outcome of the experiment was far 
better than they had expected. 
85. Oh, my, I can’t find my key; ________________ (我一定是把它放在哪儿了). 
86. I ________________ (宁愿加入你们去做义工)than go to the beach for a holiday. 
 
2010 年 6 月 
82．_________________（他们的独生儿子从未想过）to leave them and strike out on his own 
though he is in his late twenties. 
83. Before you take any action, please remember to ___________________（权衡你的决定会产
生的后果）. 
84. He assured his friend that under no circumstances _______________（他会违背还钱的承诺）. 
85. Most educators advise that kids ______________________（不要沉溺于电脑游戏）. 
86. Business major as he is, he has __________________（从未考虑过从事推销员的工作）. 
 
2009 年 12 月 
82. How long does a jacket like this last me? __________________ (这要看你多长时间穿一次). 
83. The theory he advanced has proved _________________ (对许多传统观念的一种挑战). 
84. The manager ________________ (本可以亲自参加会议), but he was called away by some 
urgent business abroad. 
85. Both research and practical experience have shown that a  _______________ (均衡的饮食对
健康是必不可少的)． 
86. Much ___________________ (我感到遗憾),I was unable to finish the work on time. 
 
2009 年 6 月 
82. With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk __________________ (说服他不买车). 
83. ___________________ (保持幽默感有助于) reduce stress and promote creative thinking in 
today’s competitive society. 
84. When confronted with the evidence, _____________________ (他不得不坦白自己的罪行). 
85. When people say, “I can feel my ears burning,” it means they think ______________ 
________(一定有人在说他们的坏话). 
86. She has decided to go on a diet, but finds _________________ (很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑). 
 
 2008 年 12 月 
82. He designed the first suspension bridge, which ________ (把美观与功能完美地结合起来). 
83. It was very dark, but Mary seemed to ________ (本能地知道该走哪条路). 
84. I don’t think it advisable that parents __________ (剥夺孩子们的自由) to spend their spare 
time as they wish. 
85. Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and ___________ (与
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不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低). 
86. Your resume should attract a would-be boss’ attention by demonstrating ___________ (为什么
你是某个特定职位的 佳人选). 
 
2008 年 6 月 
82. We can say a lot of things about those ______________ (毕生致力于诗歌的人): they are 
passionate, impulsive, and unique. 
83. Mary couldn’t have received my letter, ______________ (否则她上周就该回信了). 
84. Nancy is supposed to ______________ (做完化学实验) at least two weeks ago. 
85. Never once ______________ (老两口互相争吵) since they were married 40 years ago. 
86. ______________ (一个国家未来的繁荣在很大程度上有赖于) the quality of education of 
its people.  
 
2007 年 12 月 
82. But for mobile phones.                   (我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便) 
83. In handling an embarrassing situation，                (没有什么比幽默更有帮助的了) 
84. The Foreign Minister said he was resigning，             (但他拒绝进一步解释这样做的
原因) 
85. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning，              （而动物的行为主要依靠
本能） 
86. The witness was told that under no circumstances                （他都不就该对法庭说
谎） 
 
2007 年 6 月 
82. The auto manufacturers found themselves ________________________ (正在同外国公司竞
争市场的份额). 
83. Only in the small town ________________________ (他才感到安全和放松). 
84. It is absolutely unfair that these children ________________________ (被剥夺了受教育的权
利). 
85. Our years of hard work are all in vain, ________________________ (更别提我们花费的大
量金钱了). 
86. The problems of blacks and women ________________________ ( 近几十年受到公众相
当大的关注). 
 
2006 年 12 月 
72. If you had _____________________(听从了我的忠告，你就不会陷入麻烦)。 
73. With tears on her face, the lady ____________________(看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术室)。 
74. After the terrorist attack, tourists _______________________(被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游)。 
75. I prefer to communicate with my customers __________________________(通过写电子邮件
而不是打电话)。 
76. ________________________(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form. 
 
六、汉译英历年真题答案及解析 
2010 年 12 月 
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82. can never be too careful / cannot be too careful (考点：搭配“越……越好”“再……也不为
过”，即 can never be too/cannot be too + adj.) 
83. did I realize that reading cannot be neglected (考点：only 引导的状语或状语从句置于句首，
主句用部分倒装) 
84. to the researchers’ surprise （考点：搭配 to one’s surprise，即“使…惊讶的是”） 
85. I must have left it somewhere （考点：对过去事情的肯定的猜测，即 must have done） 
86. would rather join you to work as volunteers (考点：结构“宁愿……也不……”，即“would 
rather do rather than do”；搭配 join sb.“加入某人”及 work as“做某工作”) 
 
2010 年 6 月 
82．Their UonlyU/ UsingleU son has never UattemptedU/ UcontrivedU（考点：搭配 attempt to do 或 contrive to 
do 或不定式作动词宾语） 
83. weigh the possible result of your decision 或 think over the consequence that your decision 
might generate（考点：单词或定语从句） 
84. would he UbreakU/Ugo back onU his promise to return the money（考点：搭配 UbreakU/ Ugo back onU 
one’s promise 和否定词位于句首的倒装句） 
85.（should）not be addicted to computer games（考点：搭配 be addicted to.和表示“建议、命
令、要求”等词后的从句用虚拟语气） 
86. never considered working as a promoter 或 never thought of taking the job of a promoter（考
点：单词和动名词作动词或介词宾语） 
 
2009 年 12 月 
82. It depends on how often you wear it（语法考点：宾语从句。错：It depends on how often will 
you put it on） 
83. a challenge to many traditional concepts (考点：单词。错：conflicts to UordinaryU/ Utradition U 
theories) 
84. could have attended the meeting in person (语法考点：could have done 表示“本可以……”
或“本能够……” 错：be supposed to join the meeting) 
85. balanced diet is essential to health (考点：单词。错：balance diet is necessity to the 
UhealthU/UhealthyU) 
86. to my regret (考点：搭配“让某人感到遗憾的是”即 to sb.’s regret。错：Uto my pityU/Usorry I 
thoughtU/Usorrow I feelU/ Uregrets me U) 
 
2009 年 6 月 
82. him out of buying a car（考点：搭配 talk sb. out of doing sth.和动名词作介词宾语） 
83. Keeping a sense of humor helps（考点：单词及动名词作主语） 
84. he had (no choice but) to confess his crime（考点：单词与搭配 confess one’s crime） 
85. somebody must be speaking ill of them （考点：搭配 speak ill of sb.及情态动词表示判断） 
86. it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream（考点：搭配 resist the temptation，不定式作宾语
及 it 作形式宾语） 
 
2008 年 12 月 
82. UcombinedU/ UcombinesU beauty with function Uin a perfect wayU/ UperfectlyU （考点：搭配
combine…with…） 
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83. know which way to take U by instinctU/ UinstinctivelyU（考点：“疑问词+不定式”作宾语；搭配
by instinct） 
84. (should) deprive children of their freedom（考点：名词从句中的虚拟语气；搭配
deprive…of…） 
85. a lower death rate Ucompared withU/ Uin comparison withU those less active（考点：比较级；搭配
compared with/in comparison with） 
86. why you are the best candidate for a particular position（考点：宾语从句；单词） 
 
2008 年 6 月 
82. who have devoted their whole life to poetry (重点考查搭配 devote…to；答案也可以是
devoting their whole life to poetry) 
83. or she would/should have answered it /replied last week (重点考查虚拟语气) 
84. have completed/finished her chemical experiment  (重点考查不定式的完成时) 
85. have the old couple quarreled with each other (重点考查否定词位于句首的倒装) 
86. The prosperity of a nation in the future depends/relies, to a great extent, on (重点考查搭配
depends/relies on, to a great extent 或 to a large degree ) 
  
2007 年 12 月 
82．our communication couldn't/wouldn't be so fast and convenient 
83. nothing is more helpful than a sense of humor 
84. but he refused to elaborate on the reasons.  
85. whereas animal behavior depends mainly on instinct  
86. should he lie to the court 
 
2007 年 6 月 
82.  competing for market shares with foreign companies 
(考点 1：find sb. doing sth.，该结构中用现在分词形式作宾语补语 
考点 2：compete for sth. with sb.) 
83.   does he feel safe and relaxed 
(考点：only 引导的状语位于句首，句子部分倒装) 
84. should be deprived of the right to education/ should be denied the right to education  
(考点 1：虚拟语气，其实该句不用虚拟应该也可以得分 
考点 2: deprive sb of sth/ deny sb sth) 
85.  not to mention the large amounts of money we have spent   
(考点：not to mention 和 定语从句) 
86.    have drawn considerable public attention in the past decades  
（考点： draw one’s attention, considerable, public, decade） 
 
2006 年 12 月 
72. followed my advice, you would not have been in trouble  
73. watched her wounded son being sent into the operating room 
74. were advised not to go traveling in that country for the present 
75. by writing email instead of calling  
76. It was not until the deadline that he sent 或 Not until the deadline did he send  
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七、汉译英专项练习 
1. 虚拟语气 
1) If you had _____________________(听从了我的忠告，你就不会陷入麻烦)。（2006.12.72） 
2) _______________(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票 ), we would have had quite a 
comfortable journey. 
3) I was to have made a speech _______________(要不是有人把我的话打断了). 
4) _______________（如果明天下雨）, we should cancel the match.  
5) It didn’t rain last night. _______________(要是下了，地就会湿的).  
6) _______________(如果我一直住在纽约), I would know the U.S. well now. 
7) If the doctor had not come in time, _______________(他现在就不在人间了).  
8) But for mobile phones.                   (我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便). 
（2007.12.82） 
9) But for his help, _______________(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了).  
10) Mary couldn’t have received my letter, ______________ (否则她上周就该回信了 ). 
（2008.6.83） 
11) I used my calculator; _______________(否则，我会花更长的时间才能算出这道题). 
12) Were I in your place, _______________(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会).  
13) Had it not been for their opposition, _______________(这项法案早就通过了).  
14) Should there be another world war, _______________(人类的继续存在就会有危险).  
15) We insist that _______________(让杰克立刻进医院). 
16) Most educators advise that kids ________________（不要沉溺于电脑游戏）. （2010.6.85） 
17) It was advised that _______________(在居民区设立更多的流动商店).  
18) His proposal was that _______________(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题).  
19) We are going to discuss his suggestion that _______________(取消期中考试).  
20) It is ridiculous that _______________(我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水). 
21) It is essential that _______________(每个人都为紧急情况做好准备).  
22) It is absolutely unfair that these children _______________ (被剥夺了受教育的权利). 
（2007.6.84） 
23) I don’t think it advisable that parents __________ (剥夺孩子们的自由) to spend their spare 
time as they wish. （2008.12.84） 
24) I wish _______________(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会).  
25) If only _______________(他知道这病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed 
himself. 
26) —— Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars? 
—— I’d rather he _______________(漆成蓝色的，而且不带任何装饰).  
27) It’s high time that _______________(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题).  
28) Hugh usually talks _______________(仿佛在大会上发表演说似的).  
29) He walked lightly _______________(以免惊醒婴儿). 
 
2. 倒装句 
6) ________________________(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form. （2006.12.76） 
7) The witness was told that under no circumstances                （他都不就该对法庭说
谎）（2007.12.86） 
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8) He assured his friend that under no circumstances ______________（他会违背还钱的承诺）. 
（2010.6.84） 
9) Never once ______________ (老两口互相争吵) since they were married 40 years ago. 
（2008.6.85） 
10) Scarcely had she fallen asleep _______________(一阵敲门声就把她吵醒).  
11) No sooner had Anne arrived _______________(就生病了). 
12) The husband was not hospitable to the visitor. _______________(他妻子也没说一句欢迎的
话). 
13) Only in the small town _______________ (他才感到安全和放松). （2007.6.83） 
14) Only when I reached my thirties ________________ (我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的). 
（2010.12.83） 
15) Only then _______________(那个医生才意识到他的病人需要手术). 
16) Only when you adjust down your price _______________(我们才能做成这笔买卖). 
 
3. 倍数增减的表示法 
1) Force N1 _______________(比力 N2 大 2.5 倍).  
2) This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍).  
3) The earth _______________(是月球大小的 49 倍). 
4) The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一).  
5) They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍). 
 
4. 时态  
1) The problems of blacks and women _______________ ( 近几十年受到公众相当大的关注). 
（2007.6.86） 
2) Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了).    
3) When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了).   
4) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度
假).  
5) I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历).  
6) Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了).  
7) He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了).  
 
5. 被动语态 
1) The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代). 
2) The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版).  
3) Computer models _______________(可以用来演示细胞工作的方式).   
4) When the bill of fare was brought, _______________(我惊呆了，价格大大超出了我的预
料).  
5) _______________(必须立即采取有效措施)to eliminate sandy storms. 
 
6. 情态动词 
1) The phone is ringing, _______________(但是没人接听。她一定不在家). 
2) I can’t find my sunglasses. _______________(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了). 
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3) You screamed in your sleep last night. _______________(你一定梦见什么可怕的东西了).  
4) Oh, my, I can’t find my key; __________________ (我一定是把它忘在哪儿了 )。
（2010.12.85） 
5) When people say, “I can feel my ears burning,” it means they think ___________________ 
__________________________(一定有人在说他们的坏话). （2009.6.85） 
6) It’s a pity. _______________(你本应该邀请她来参加你的毕业典礼的).  
7) _______________(其实我没必要穿上我 好的套装去参加那次聚会的); most of the 
guests were wearing jeans and sweaters. 
8) The manager ______________________ (本可以亲自参加会议), but he was called away by 
some urgent business abroad. （2009.12.84） 
 
7. 不定式 
1) It was a great achievement _______________(10 个月建成一栋 24 层的楼).  
2) It is necessary _______________(我们在考试前好好地睡一晚上觉).  
3) It is generous _______________(你把这么多钱捐给灾区人民).  
4) The teacher decided _______________(不惩罚那些上课迟到的学生).  
5) __________________（他们的独生儿子从未想过）to leave them and strike out on his own 
though he is in his late twenties. （2010.6.81） 
6) Mr. Green was wondering _______________ (是否去看望在法国的儿子).  
7) It was very dark, but Mary seemed to ________ (本能地知道该走哪条路). （2008.12.83） 
8) The gardener _______________(刚才警告我不要在中午给花浇水).  
9) We _______________(请他给我们做有关现代艺术的讲座).  
10) After the terrorist attack, tourists _______________________(被劝告暂时不要去该国旅
游)。（2006.12.74） 
11) He feels it challenging _______________(在这么大一所大学做学生会主席).  
12) She has decided to go on a diet, but finds _____________________________________ (很
难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑). （2009.6.86） 
13) We hope to have more opportunities _______________(把我们在课堂上学到的东西应用
于实践).  
14) The bad weather _______________(破坏了我们在露天放电影的计划).  
15) The environmentalists are against _______________(在郊区建一座核电站的决定).  
16) Sally Ride was the first _______________(探索外部空间的美国妇女).  
17) They lifted a rock _______________(结果砸了自己的脚).  
18) He was surprised _______________(在这个山村遇见一个中学同学).  
19) I am sorry _______________(占用了您这么多时间).  
20) Nancy is supposed to ______________ (做完化学实验 ) at least two weeks ago. 
（2008.6.84） 
21) I happened _______________(在他冲进来的时候站在门口).  
22) She doesn’t like _______________(被当作客人).  
23) If you want to save money, you’d better _______________(到校园书店买旧书).  
24) We did nothing _______________(除了整天打桥牌).  
25) We were made _______________(进屋之前在垫子上擦擦脚).  
 
8. 分词 
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1) With tears on her face, the lady ____________________(看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术
室)。（2006.12.73） 
2) The auto manufacturers found themselves ____________________ (正在同外国公司竞争市
场的份额). （2007.6.82） 
3) This is the first time that I heard _______________(用意大利语唱“祝你生日快乐”).  
4) The cars _______________(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed.  
5) The war went on for years, _______________(夺去了成千上万人的生命).  
6) The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _______________(将平均产量提高了 15%).  
7) Einstein watched the toy in delight, _______________(想推导出它的运转原理).  
8) _______________(看到大家都在聚精会神地看书), we stopped talking and began to study.   
9) _______________(被这个男孩的事迹深深打动了), they decided to pay for his education.  
10) _______________(从一个年轻朋友的眼光来看), Einstein was a simple, modest and 
ordinary man.   
11) _______________(好久没有收到父母的来信了), he was worried about them.  
 
9. 动名词 
1) _______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good.  
2) _____________________ (保持幽默感有助于) reduce stress and promote creative thinking 
in today’s competitive society. （2009.6.83） 
3) They tried to avoid _______________(让女儿做她不喜欢的事情).  
4) Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我们的产品进入国际市场).  
5) Business major as he is, he has ________________（从未考虑过从事推销员的工作）. 
（2010.6.86） 
6) With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk ___________________ (说服他不买车). 
（2009.6.82） 
7) It is no use _______________(为洒了的牛奶而哭泣).   
8) He denied_______________(偷看了同桌的试卷).   
9) We congratulated her on _______________(被提升为经理).  
 
10. 非谓语动词用法区别 
1) Success means _______________(非常努力地工作).   
2) John meant _______________(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障).  
3) I heard him _______________(在跟他的母亲谈话).  
4) I heard him _______________(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时).  
5) He jumped into the pool to save the child _______________(结果却摔断了自己的腿).  
6) He jumped from the burning house, _______________(摔断了双腿).  
7) He was happy _______________(看到父母很健康).  
8) _______________(看到父母安然无恙), he issued a sigh of relief.   
9) _______________(跟随着它的脚印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda. 
10) The pop, _______________(后面跟着两个保镖), came to meet his fans.  
 
11. 名词从句 
1) _______________(他们为什么离开家乡去云南) is still a secret.  
2) _______________( 让我不解的) was that he spoke English so well.   
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3) _______________(这么做是故意的) became obvious.  
4) It is not clear yet _______________(谁应该为这件事负责).  
5) It is none of your business _______________(玛丽与谁订婚).  
6) Your resume should attract a would-be boss’ attention by demonstrating ___________ (为什
么你是某个特定职位的 佳人选). （2008.12.86） 
7) Don’t put off till tomorrow _______________(今天能做的事).  
8) This novel is just _______________(我一直在寻找的).  
9) It is not yet known _______________(机器人是否有一天能拥有象人一样的视力).  
10) _______________(她是否喜欢那个礼物) is not clear to me. 
11) My main problem right now is _______________(我是否应该请求另一笔贷款).  
12) It all depends on _______________(他们是否会支持我们).  
13) You have yet to answer my question _______________(我是否可以指望你的投票).  
14) Finally, the workers got an answer _______________(政府做不了什么事来提高他们工资). 
15) Obviously, there was little certainty _______________(主席会同意他的提议).  
 
12. 定语从句 
1) Our years of hard work are all in vain, _______________  (更别提我们所花费的大量金钱
了). （2007.6.85） 
2) We can say a lot of things about those ______________ (毕生致力于诗歌的人): they are 
passionate, impulsive, and unique. （2008.6.82） 
3) Everyday many tourists come to visit _______________(鲁迅出生的那栋房子).  
4) The old lady died _______________(在她儿子到达的那天).  
5) This is _______________(我赞成这一改革的理由).  
6) Let ABC be _______________(一个三边不等长的三角形).  
7) Some of the roads were flooded, _______________(这使我们的旅程更为艰难).  
8) He introduced me to his students, _______________(他们大部分是英语专业的学生).  
9) _______________(众所周知), water is a liquid.  
  
13. 状语从句 
1) _______________(不管我们谈论什么), Jim brings polities into the discussion.   
2) _______________(不管哪一方获胜), I shall be satisfied.  
3) _______________(不管观众中的一些人如何使劲地难为他), the comedian always had a 
quick, sharp reply.  
4) We climbed high _______________(这样我们就可以看到更好的风景).  
5) The problem so very complicated _______________(花了我们两个周才解决).  
6) You can go out _______________(只要你答应晚上 11 点以前回来).  
7) I remember the whole thing _______________(仿佛是昨天发生的).  
 
14. 比较级 高级 
1) In handling an embarrassing situation，                (没有什么比幽默感更有帮助的
了) （2007.12.83） 
2) Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and ___________ (与
不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低). （2008.12.85） 
3) Does she dance _______________(跟她姐姐一样地优美)?  
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4) The buildings look _______________(在伦敦比在这儿难看得多).  
5) This is _______________(他画的 好的画之一).  
6) The higher you climb, _______________(空气就越稀薄).  
 
15. 强调句 
5) _______________(正是 Jefferson 写下了)the Declaration of Independence. 
6) _______________(作者是带着真挚的情感)praises all that is progressive.  
7) ________________________(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form. （2006.12.76） 
8) _______________(正是因为水涨了)we could not cross the river.   
9) _______________(人们听见正是 Jim 这个无情的家伙) shouting at his mother in the dead 
of night.   
10) _______________(直到我告诉她) Mrs. Williams knew anything about it.  
 
16. 固定搭配 
1) We have to account to our employer _______________ （我们出差过程中所花的每一笔
钱）.  
2) You can apply this principle _______________ （你将从事的任何一项事业）. 
3) He is now accustomed _______________ （被称为“大城市里来的文明人”）.  
4) He had been addicted _______________（打网络游戏长达三年）before he committed the 
crime and was put into prison.  
5) I have been fed up _______________（这儿令人厌烦的日常例行事务和沉闷的工作气氛）.  
17.搭配准确 
经常收集搭配 
1）adj. + n.  
显著的进步 remarkable/striking progress 
巨大的损失 substantial loss 
拥堵的交通 heavy traffic 
2）v. + n.  
达到目的 achieve one’s end/attain one’s goal 
获取知识 acquire knowledge 
传播疾病 transmit diseases 
3）v. + prep.  
剥夺 deprive sb. of  sth. 
充斥 be flooded with… 
4）v. + adv.  
大幅度地增长 expand dramatically 
 
八、汉译英专项练习答案及解析 
1. 虚拟语气 
1) followed my advice, you would not have been in trouble 
  （考点：在非真实条件句中用过去完成式表示与过去的事实相反） 
2) If he had booked tickets in the way I told him 
（考点：同上）  
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3) if I had not been interrupted  
（考点：同上） 
4) If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow 
（考点：在非真实条件句中与将来的事实可能相反时从句的谓语形式） 
（非真实条件句中主从句在不同时间的谓语形式： 
 从句 主句 
过去 had done would( 常用)/should(跟在第一人称后)/could(表示
“能够”)/might(表示“可能”) have done  
现在 did/were would( 常用)/should(跟在第一人称后)/could(表示
“能够”)/might(表示“可能”) do 
将来 did/should do/were to do would( 常用)/should(跟在第一人称后)/could(表示
“能够”)/might(表示“可能”) do 
） 
5) If it had rained, the ground would be wet 
（考点：错综时间条件句。在非真实条件句中，当主句与从句表示的动作不是同时发生时，
就根据情况用适当的谓语动词形式）  
6) If I had been living in New York 
（考点：同上）  
7) he would be dead now 
（考点：同上）  
8) our communication couldn't/wouldn't be so fast and convenient 
（考点：含蓄虚拟条件句。but for 经常作为非真实条件句中 if 的代用语） 
9) we could not have rent a house at such a low price 
（考点：同上）  
10) or she would/should have answered it /replied last week 
（考点：同上。or 也经常作为非真实条件句中 if 的代用语） 
11) otherwise, it would have taken me more time to work out this question 
（考点：同上。otherwise 也经常作为非真实条件句中 if 的代用语）  
12) I would seize the opportunity without hesitation  
（考点：省略 if 的非真实条件句。在非真实条件句中如果有 were, had, should 这三个词，
可以省去 if，采用部分倒装的形式来表示条件）  
13) this act would have been passed much earlier 
（考点：同上）  
14) the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy 
（考点：同上）  
15) Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now 
（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词．．所接的宾语从句．．．．通常用“(that) sb. (should) 
do”的虚拟形式）  
16) （should）not be addicted to computer games 
（考点：同上）  
17) more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area 
（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词．．所接的主语从句．．．．通常用“(that) sb. (should) 
do”的虚拟形式）  
18) they (should) set up a special board/committee to examine this problem 
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（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词．．所接的表语从句．．．．通常用“(that) sb. (should) 
do”的虚拟形式） 
19) the mid-term exams (should) be canceled  
（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词．．所接的同位语从句．．．．．通常用“(that) sb. (should) 
do”的虚拟形式） 
[表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词及其名词常见的有：advise (advice), agree 
(agreement), decide (decision), decree, demand, determine (determination), grant, indicate 
(indication), insist (insistence), order, prefer (preference), propose (proposal), request, require 
(requirement), resolve (resolution), stipulate (stipulation), suggest(suggestion), urge, vote;常
见的这类动词还有：allow, arrange, ask, beg, concede, demonstrate, ensure, intend, move, 
pledge, pray 等] 
20) we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining 
（考点：在 It is/was +形容词后的 that 从句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建议惊奇等。
这类形容词常见的有：advisable, anxious, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, 
essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, improper, natural, necessary, obligatory, 
preferable, proper, urgent, vital, willing 等）  
21) everyone (should) be prepared for emergency  
（考点：同上）  
22) should be deprived of the right to education/ should be denied the right to education 
（考点：同上）  
23) (should) deprive children of their freedom 
（考点：同上） 
24) I had had your opportunities when I was young  
（考点：I wish 后的 that 从句中用过去完成式表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望。） 
（ I wish 之后的从句谓语形式与非真实条件句中从句变法一致。 ） 
25) he had known this disease is curable  
（考点：If only 引导的感叹句表示“但愿”或“要是……就好了”，用法与 I wish…基本
相同）  
26) painted it blue, and without any decorations  
（考点：would rather 后的 that 从句中用过去式表示不是事实）  
27) measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams  
（考点：It’s (about/high) time 后的 that 从句中用过去式，表示“该是……的时候了”） 
28) as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly 
（考点：as if / as though 引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀
疑）  
29) lest he should awaken the baby 
（考点：lest (以免)引导的从句通常用 sb. should do 的形式表示虚拟）  
 
2. 倒装句 
1) Not until the deadline did he send 
（考点：Not until 结构及否定词位于句首的倒装） 
2) should he lie to the court 
  （考点：否定词组 under no circumstances 位于句首的倒装） 
3) would he UbreakU/ Ugo back onU his promise to return the money 
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  （考点：同上） 
4) have the old couple quarreled with each other 
（考点：否定词 never 位于句首的倒装） 
5) when a knock at the door awakened her  
（考点：Scarcely…when…结构及否定词位于句首的倒装） 
6) than she fell ill 
（考点：No sooner…than…结构及否定词位于句首的倒装） 
7) Nor did the wife say a word of welcome.  
（考点：nor 表示“后者与前者一样地不……”及否定词位于句首的倒装） 
（放在句首后面接倒装语序的否定词或词组通常有 no, not, never, seldom, rarely, hardly, 
little, not until, on no occasion, in no case, under no circumstances, at no time, on no account
等） 
8) does/can he feel safe and relaxed 
（考点：only 引导的状语位于句首，句子倒装） 
9) did I realize that reading cannot be neglected 
（考点：同上） 
10) did the doctor realize that his patient needed surgery 
（考点：同上） 
11) can we conclude the business 
（考点：同上） 
 
3. 倍数增减的表示法 
1) is 2.5 times greater than Force N2  
（考点：倍数 + 形容词/副词比较级 + than）  
2) reacts three times as fast as the other one  
（考点：倍数 + as + 形容词/副词 + as）  
3) is 49 times the size of the moon  
（考点：倍数 + 名词）  
4) wants to raise the rent by a third  
（考点：动词 + by + 数词/百分比/倍数）  
5) plan to double their investment  
（考点：double + 名词）  
 
4. 时态  
1) have drawn considerable public attention in the past decades 
（考点：现在完成时） 
2) or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church  
（考点：将来完成时） 
3) the children had fallen asleep  
（考点：过去完成时） 
4) my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside  
（考点：将来进行时）  
5) have been revising my resume all the morning  
（考点：现在完成进行时）  
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6) No. It has been five years since I went on holiday  
（考点：It has been … since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了） 
7) He has been in the army for 5 years  
（考点：1. 现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间）  
 
5. 被动语态 
1) is being replaced by the computer and the projector  
（考点：被动语态的现在进行时）  
2) will have been published by the end of this year  
（考点：被动语态的将来完成时）  
3) can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work  
（考点：1. 被动语态与情态动词联用; 2. 汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 
要译成英语的被动语态）  
4) I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated  
（考点：同“3”的考点 2）  
5) Effective measures must be taken immediately  
（考点：汉语的无主句通常翻译成英语的被动语态）  
6. 情态动词 
1) but there is no answer. She can’t be at home  
（考点：情态动词可以表示可能性，can’t 表示“一定不”）  
2) I may have left them in the coffee shop yesterday  
（考点：“情态动词 can/could, may/might, must + 完成式”用于表示对过去发生的动作的
主观判断）  
3) You must have dreamed of something terrible  
（考点：同上）  
4) I must have left it somewhere  
（考点：同上）  
5) somebody must be speaking ill of them  
（考点：搭配及情态动词表示对现在发生的动作的主观判断） 
6) You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony  
（考点：“情态动词 should/ought to + have done” 用于评论过去应该做而实际并未做的动
作，含有批评的意思）  
7) I needn’t have put on my best suit to go to the party  
（考点：“情态动词 needn’t + have + done”表示对过去发生的动作进行评论，认为“无须发
生”，“不必做”） 
8) could have attended the meeting in person 
（考点：“情态动词 could + have + done”表示对过去发生的动作进行评论，认为“本可以”，
“本能够”） 
7. 不定式 
1) to complete a 24-story building in 10 months  
（考点：不定式作主语时常用 it 作形式主语放在句首代替不定式，而将不定式移到谓语后
面）  
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2) for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test 
（考点：有时用“介词 for + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述
的对象是事情，这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：necessary, important, possible, 
impossible, all right, essential 等）  
3) of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area 
（考点：有时用“介词 of + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述
的对象是人，这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, 
cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, 
thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong 等）  
4) not to punish those students who had been late for class 
（考点：1. 用不定式结构作 decide 的宾语；2.不定式的否定形式是在 to 前加 not） 
（能带不定式作宾语的动词常见的有：afford, agree, aim, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, 
care, choose, claim, consent, contrive, decide, decline, demand, desire, determine, dislike, 
endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, 
manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, 
remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish）  
5) Their UonlyU/UsingleU son has never UattemptedU/ Ucontrived 
（考点：同上） 
6) whether to visit their son in France 
（考点：“疑问词+不定式”作动词 wonder 的宾语。能以这种结构作宾语的动词通常有 ask, 
consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, 
understand, wonder 等）   
7) know which way to takeU by instinctU/ Uinstinctively 
（考点：同上） 
8) warned me just now not to water flowers at noon 
（考点：不定式作宾语补语）  
9) invited him to give us a lecture on modern art 
（考点：同上） 
10) were advised not to go traveling in that country for the present 
（考点：同上） 
（能带不定式结构作宾语补语的动词有 advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, 
compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, Ufeel U, find, force, get, hate, UhaveU, UhearU, UhelpU, 
inform invite, UletU, like, UmakeU, mean, need, UnoticeU, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, 
remind, request, require, Usee U, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, UwatchU, wish
等。注：划线的动词后面的不定式不带 to）  
11) to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university 
（考点：动词 + it + 形容词/名词 + 不定式。it 是形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语）  
12) it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream 
（考点：搭配，不定式作宾语及 it 作形式宾语） 
13) to apply what we have learned in class to practice 
（考点：不定式作定语） 
（不定式常用作以下名词/代词的定语：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, 
curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, 
place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish 等）  
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14) ruined our plan to show the film in the open air  
（考点：同上）  
15) the decision to build a nuclear power station in the suburbs  
（考点：同上）  
16) American woman to explore the outer space 
（考点：由 only, last, next，序数词或形容词 高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语）  
17) only to drop it on their own feet 
（考点：不定式作结果状语）  
18) to meet a high school classmate in the mountain village  
（考点：不定式作原因状语）  
19) to have taken up so much of your time 
（考点：1. 不定式作原因状语；2. 不定式的完成时）  
20) have completed/finished her chemical experiment 
（考点：1. 不定式作主语补语；2. 不定式的完成时）  
21) to be standing in the doorway when he rushed in  
（考点：不定式的进行式）  
22) to be treated as a guest 
（考点：不定式的被动形式）  
23) go to the campus bookstore to buy used books  
（考点：不带 to 的不定式）  
24) but play bridge the whole day 
  （考点：同上） 
25) to wipe our feet on the mat before going into the room  
  （考点：当动词 see, make, hear 等用于被动语态时，不定式要保留 to） 
 
8. 分词 
1) watched her wounded son being sent into the operating room 
（考点：分词作宾语补语） 
（catch, discover, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, make, notice, see, watch 等动词常用
分词形式作宾语补语） 
2) competing for market shares with foreign companies 
（考点：同上） 
3)  “Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian 
（考点：同上） 
4) parked in the fire lane 
（考点：分词作定语） 
5) killing thousands upon thousands of people 
（考点：分词作结果状语）  
6) raising the average yield by 15 percent  
（考点：同上） 
7) trying to deduce its operating principle 
（考点：分词作伴随状语）  
8) Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book 
（考点：分词作原因状语） 
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9) Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds 
（考点：同上） 
10) Seen from the eyes of a young friend 
（考点：分词作方式状语） 
11) Not having heard from his parents for a long time 
（考点：1. 分词作原因状语；2.分词的否定形式；3.现在分词的完成式） 
 
9．动名词 
1) Taking a cold bath every day 
（考点：动名词作主语） 
2) Keeping a sense of humor helps 
（考点：同上） 
3) making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do  
（考点：动名词作动词的宾语） 
（下列动词后的宾语只能是动名词而不能是不定式：acknowledge, admit, advise, advocate, 
allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, consider, contemplate, defer, delay, deny, dislike, dread, 
encourage, enjoy, escape, evade, excuse, fancy, finish, grudge, can’t help, imagine, include, 
keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, recall, recollect, resent, resist, 
risk, can’t stand, stop, suggest） 
4) getting our goods into the international market 
（考点：动名词作介词的宾语） 
5) never considered working as a promoter 或 never thought of taking the job of a promoter 
（考点：同 3 或 4） 
6) him out of buying a car 
（考点：搭配 talk sb. out of doing sth.和动名词作介词宾语） 
7) crying over spilled milk  
（考点：动名词用于固定结构。动名词经常与以下词组连用：be worth, have difficulty (in), 
it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what about, what’s the point 
of, what’s the use of） 
8) having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper 
（考点：动名词的完成式） 
9) being promoted to manager 
（考点：动名词的被动式） 
 
10. 非谓语动词用法区别 
1) working very hard.  
（考点：mean 表示“意味着”） 
2) to drive there, but his car broke down  
（考点：mean 表示“打算”） 
（类似需要区别的动词还有 forget, remember, regret, go on, stop 等） 
3) talking to his mother  
（考点：强调正在进行） 
4) talk to his mother for an hour  
（考点：强调整个过程） 
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5) only to break his own leg  
（考点：意料之外的结果） 
6) breaking his legs 
（考点：意料之中的结果） 
7) to see his parents in good health  
（考点：不定式作原因状语位于句末） 
8) Seeing his parents safe and sound 
（考点：分词作原因状语位于句首） 
9) Following its footprints 
（考点：现在分词强调主动） 
10) followed by two body guards 
（考点：过去分词强调被动） 
11. 名词从句 
1) Why they left their hometown for Yunnan 
（考点：主语从句） 
2) What confused me most 
（考点：同上） 
3) That this was done on purpose 
（考点：同上） 
4) who should be responsible for this matter 
（考点：较长的主语从句可以后置，用 it 作形式主语） 
5) whom Mary is engaged to 
（考点：同上） 
6) why you are the best candidate for a particular position 
（考点：宾语从句） 
7) what can be done today 
（考点：宾语从句） 
8) what I have been looking for  
（考点：表语从句） 
9) whether/if robots will one day have vision as good as human vision  
（考点：whether/if 引导后置的主语从句） 
10) Whether she likes the present 
（考点：whether 引导前置的主语从句） 
11) whether I should ask for another loan  
（考点：whether 引导表语从句） 
12) whether they will support us 
（考点：whether 引导宾语从句）  
13) whether I can count on your vote  
（考点：whether 引导同位语从句） 
（9-12 中的 whether 不可以替换为 if） 
14) that the Government could do nothing to raise their wages 
（考点：同位语从句） 
15) that the chairman would agree to this proposal  
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（考点：同上） 
12. 定语从句 
1) not to mention the large amounts of money we have spent 
(考点：not to mention 和 定语从句) 
2) who have devoted their whole life to poetry  
(考点：搭配 devote…to 和定语从句；答案也可以是 devoting their whole life to poetry) 
3) the house where Lu Xun was born 
（考点：先行词为地点，定语从句通常由 where 引导） 
4) on the day when his son arrived 
（考点：先行词为时间，定语从句通常由 when 引导） 
5) the reason why I am in favor of this reform  
（考点：先行词为 reason，定语从句通常由 why 引导） 
6) a triangle whose three sides are of unequal length  
（考点：whose 引导的定语从句） 
7) which made our journey more difficult 
（考点：非限制性定语从句）  
8) most of whom were English majors  
（考点：同上） 
9) As is known to all 
（考点：as 引导的定语从句） 
  
13. 状语从句 
1) Whatever we talk about 
  （考点：让步状语从句） 
2) Whichever side wins 
（考点：同上） 
3) However hard some people in the audience tried to upset him 
（考点：同上） 
4) so that we might get a better view  
（考点：目的状语从句） 
5) that it took us nearly two weeks to solve it  
（考点：结果状语从句） 
6) as long as you promise to be back before 11 at night  
（考点：条件状语从句） 
7) as if it happened yesterday  
（考点：方式状语从句） 
 
14. 比较级 高级 
1) nothing is more helpful than a sense of humor 
（考点：比较级） 
2) a lower death rate Ucompared withU/Uin comparison withU those less active 
（考点：比较级；搭配 compared with/in comparison with） 
3) as gracefully as her sister 
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（考点：同级比较） 
4) far uglier in London than here  
（考点：用副词或词组来修饰比较级） 
5) one of the best pictures that he has ever painted  
（考点： 高级） 
6) the thinner the air becomes 
（考点：“越……越……”结构） 
 
15. 强调句 
1) It was Jefferson who wrote   
（考点：强调主语） 
2) It is with genuine feeling that the author 
（考点：强调状语） 
3) It was not until the deadline that he sent 
（考点：强调状语；该题也可以用倒装结构） 
4) It was because the water had risen that 
（考点：强调状语从句） 
5) It was Jim, the heartless fellow, who was heard 
（考点：强调主语） 
6) It was not until I told her that 
（考点：强调状语从句） 
 
16. 固定搭配 
1) for each sum of money we spend during our business trips.  
（考点：account to sb. for sth. 向某人解释某物） 
2) to any cause that you are going to be engaged in  
（考点：apply…to…将……应用于……） 
3) to being called “the civilized person from the big city”  
（考点：be accustomed to… 习惯于……） 
4) to playing games on the Internet for as long as three years  
（考点：be addicted to… 沉溺于……） 
5) with the boring daily routine and dull working atmosphere here.  
（考点：be fed up with… 受够了……） 
（重要的搭配还有很多，如 be capable of, come up with, cope with, dispense with, dispose 
of, feel like, for the sake of, give rise to, go back on, in accordance with, in favor of, in view 
of, instead of, look forward to, make a fuss over, no matter, no wonder, put up with, see to it 
that, take advantage of, used to 等等） 
 
九、模拟试题 
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. 
 
(一) 
1. He told me that hardly______________(他一到家她就抱怨起来)。 
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  2. It is recommended_________________(在做好所有准备之前这个项目是不会开始的)。 
  3. A firm success___________________(取决于他的工作者的效率)。 
  4. The grandeur of the grand Canyon________________(吸引了来自世界各地的游客)。 
  5. Elizabeth had some jewelry______________(从她外婆那里继承来的)。 
   
(二) 
1.It was essential___________________(在截止日期前寄回申请表)。 
  2.I went to see William,__________________(结果发现他前两天已经走了)。 
  3.He flatly contradicted his wife’s accusation ____________________(他太懒而不愿意工
作)。 
4. The reaction of the audience was instantaneous; no sooner ____________________(讲演
刚结束，听众就爆发了热烈的掌声)。 
  5.Should it rains,____________________(农作物就得救了)。 
 
(三) 
1.Joe was expelled from school____________________(因为作弊)。 
  2.It’s high time___________________(把我们的注意力放在这个问题上)。 
  3.The prisoner has been______________________(被剥夺了许多普通公民应有的权利)。 
  4.Without your help,________________(我们不会有那么快的进步)。 
  5.In retrospect, the meeting_________________(比我们想象的还要成功)。 
   
(四) 
1.It is imperative___________________________(你亲自去那里)。 
  2.Only in this way ____________________(我们能够准时到达目的地)。 
  3.To our surprise, he _________________(把所有钱花在建设这所医院上)。 
  4.Had electronic computers not been invented,_____________________(很多关于太空飞行
的问题不能解决了)。 
  5.Instead of by force, he___________________(靠说服力赢得他们的支持)。 
   
(五) 
1.The government is being criticized__________________(对公众隐瞒真相)。 
  2.We are convinced______________________(只要我们努力就能达到目标)。 
  3.But for the fog,_________________(我们已经到达我们的目的地了)。 
  4.My boss often__________________(提醒我要利用一切机会提高自己的交际能力)。 
  5.The teacher felt unhappy because ________________(新的教学楼何时建好还是个问题)。 
   
(六) 
1.It has became a new policy that ___________________(这个部门领导的职位每年轮换一
次)。 
  2._____________________(第一次来这里的普通游客也许看不出差别),but the staff 
members know it. 
  3.We get news that________________________(凡是想参加这次旅游的人都必须先订机
票)。 
  4.They didn’t talk much_________________(害怕别人听到了)。 
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  5.The stylist confessed that _________________(这项工程预计约耗时三至四年)。 
  
(七) 
1.After thinking for a while day,________________(他宁愿保持中立而不愿意站在任何一
方)。 
  2.______________________(既然我们无法测出噪音的增减量),we never know to what 
danger we are encountered. 
  3.The light of the car was light,_______________________(但无论是父亲还是孩子都不在
车里)。 
  4.She always went shopping in a remote supermarket____________________(这样一来她
就不会经常碰到自己的同事了)。 
  5.It is hoped that ____________________________(到新的工作岗位他的才干能得到比以
往更好的发挥)。 
  
 (八) 
1.She felt depressed because ________________________(她充分意识到孩子们再也回不
来了)。 
  2.It is quite strange that ______________________(无论他说什么、做什么都被认为是对
的)。 
  3._________________________(化学老师从学生中随便叫了几个人)and asked them to 
help him do the experiment. 
  4.Having lived in the south for many years ,________________________(一些人却仍然不
适应那里既炎热又潮湿的天气)。 
  5.Not before in our history______________________(这么多强烈的影响共同导致产生这
样的的灾难)。 
(九) 
1.People in some big cities are highly mobile,____________________(因此很多人发现很
难彼此深交)。 
  2.My friend warned me________________________(不要把钥匙留在车上，已经发生了多
起偷车里东西的事件)。 
  3.It is a paradox that ____________________(如此富裕的国度居然生活着这么多贫穷的
人民)。 
  4.After a long discussion, the workers have finally___________________(达成一致，决定罢
工应再持续两天)。 
  5.The house was on fire now ,__________________(但那个小伙子在救那个小男孩时表现
出了极大的勇气)。 
 
  (十) 
1.Her friends all felt ___________________(她自从迁居南方做生意后就变得精于世道
了)。 
  2._________________________( 后一个学生做完练习时已经很晚了)，and we were 
dismissed immediately. 
  3.__________________________(尽管他们赞同推迟会议的意见)，they didn’t dare to 
speak out publicly. 
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  4.__________________________( 她一遍一遍地大声读这篇文章)until finally she learn it 
by heart. 
  5.People here still keep their lifestyle today_____________________(殊不知他们的习惯对
自己和后代都有害)。 
 
十、模拟试题参考答案 
  (一) 
  1.had he returned home when she started complaining 
  2.that the project (should) not be started until all the preparations have been made 
  3.depends on its workers’ s efficiency 
  4.draes tourists from all over the world 
  5.which had been handed on from her grandmother 
  (二) 
  1.that the application forms be sent back before the deadline 
  2.only to learn that he had left two days before 
  3.that he was too lazy to work 
  4.had the speaker finished than the audience burst into applause 
  5.the crops would be saved 
  (三) 
  1.for cheating in his exams 
  2. we turned our attention to this problem 
  3. deprived of many privileges that average citizens enjoy 
  4.we would not have made such rapid progress 
  5.was more successful than we had imagined 
  (四) 
  1.that you (should) be there in person 
  2.can we arrive at the destination on time 
  3.spent all his money on building this hospital 
  4.many problems of space flight could not have been solved 
  5.won their support by persuasion 
  (五) 
  1.for hiding the truth from the public 
  2.that we can achieve our goal as long ad we try hard 
  3.we should have reached our destination 
  4.reminds me to avail myself of every chance to improve my communicative ability 
  5.it remained a question when the new classroom building would be completed 
  (六) 
  1.the leadership of this department rotates annually 
  2.Ordinary visitors who come here for the first time probably won’t notice the difference 
  3.people who wish to go on the tour must book plane tickets first 
  4.for fear that others might hear their secrets 
  5.the project be expected to take three to four years 
  (七) 
  1.he preferred being neutral to taking sides 
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  2.Since we can not measure the increase or decrease of noise 
  3.but neither the father nor his children were in the car 
  4.so that she would’ t often meet her own colleagues 
  5.in the new job his talents will be better utilized than before 
  (八) 
  1.she was well aware that her children would never returned 
  2.whatever he says and whatever he does are always considered to be right 
  3.the chemical teacher picked several students at random 
  4.some people still can’t adapt to the hot and humid weather 
  5.have so many strong influences united to product such a large disaster 
  (九) 
  1.and therefore many find it difficult to became deeply involved with each other 
  2.not to leave my car unlocked as there had been lots of stealing from cars 
  3.such a rich country should have so many poor people living in it 
  4.reached the decision that they should hold on their strike for two more days 
  5.but the young man demonstrated great courage saving the little boy 
  (十)  
  1.he has become sophisticated since she went to live in the south and did business there 
  2.It was very late when the last student finished the exercises 
  3.Ever if they were in favor of the idea of postponing the meeting 
  4.she read the article aloud again and again 
  5.without knowing that their habits are doing harm to themselves and their offspring